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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Griffin, Georgia » Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #360072
Research Project: Conservation, Characterization, Evaluation, and Distribution of Grain, Oilseed, Vegetable, Subtropical and Tropical Legume, and Warm Season Grass Genetic Resources and Associated Information

Location: Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit

Title: Introgression analysis and morphological characterization of an Arachis hypogaea × A. diogoi interspecific hybrid derived population

Author
item HANCOCK, WES - North Carolina State University
item Tallury, Shyamalrau - Shyam
item ISLEIB, TOM - North Carolina State University
item CHU, YE - University Of Georgia
item OZIAS-AKINS, PEGGY - University Of Georgia
item STALKER, TOM - North Carolina State University

Submitted to: Crop Science
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 11/18/2018
Publication Date: 2/14/2019
Citation: Hancock, W., Tallury, S.P., Isleib, T., Chu, Y., Ozias-Akins, P., Stalker, T. 2019. Introgression analysis and morphological characterization of an Arachis hypogaea × A. diogoi interspecific hybrid derived population. Crop Science. 59(2):640-649. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2018.07.0461.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2018.07.0461

Interpretive Summary: Cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an economically important crop grown around the world. Cultivated peanut has low levels of genetic diversity for several economically important traits, thereby, alternative sources of favorable alleles are needed. Arachis wild species are a source of such alleles to improve cultivated peanut for many economically important traits. Arachis hypogaea × A. diogoi introgression population was produced via the triploid-hexaploid method. The introgression lines were genotyped using a Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) array to estimate the percentage of A. diogoi introgression. Morphologically the introgression lines varied for plant, pod, and seed traits, with the majority being intermediate to the two parent The overall A. diogoi introgression was about 8% among all evaluated lines with a range of 0.17% to 51.12%. This introgression population demonstrates the potential of using wild diploid Arachis species for peanut improvement and has great potential for use in cultivated peanut breeding programs.

Technical Abstract: Cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an economically important crop grown around the world. Compared with the entire genus, cultivated peanut germplasm has low levels of genetic diversity for several economically important traits, resulting in the need for alternative sources of favorable alleles. Wild diploid species of Arachis are a source of such alleles to improve cultivated peanut for many economically important traits. An A. hypogaea × A. diogoi introgression population was produced via the triploid-hexaploid method. The introgression lines were genotyped using a Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) marker array to estimate the percentage of genome-wide A. diogoi chromatin introgression. Morphologically the introgression lines varied for plant, pod, and seed traits, with the majority being intermediate to the two parents. The average amount of A. diogoi introgression was 8.12% across the genome and ranged from 3.00% to 18.14% on individual chromosomes. More introgression was present in the A genome (8.82%) than the B genome (7.42%). The average A. diogoi introgression for single introgression lines was 7.70% and ranged from 0.17% to 51.12%. Principal component analysis of morphological data and SNP markers revealed similarities and groupings of introgression lines. This introgression population demonstrates the potential of using wild diploid Arachis species for peanut improvement and has great potential for use in cultivated peanut breeding programs.