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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Florence, South Carolina » Coastal Plain Soil, Water and Plant Conservation Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #360165
Research Project: Effective Cotton Genetics and Management Practices for Improved Cotton Quality and Production

Location: Coastal Plain Soil, Water and Plant Conservation Research

Title: Genetic evaluation of exotic chromatins from two obsolete interspecific introgression lines of Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) for fiber quality improvement

Author
item Kumar, Pawan
item SINGH, RIPPY - University Of Georgia
item LUBBERS, ED - University Of Georgia
item SHEN, XINLIAN - Jiangsu Academy Agricultural Sciences
item PATERSON, ANDREW - University Of Georgia
item Campbell, Benjamin - Todd
item JONES, DON - Cotton, Inc
item CHEE, PENG - University Of Georgia

Submitted to: Crop Science
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 2/12/2019
Publication Date: 5/16/2019
Citation: Kumar, P., Singh, R., Lubbers, E., Shen, X., Paterson, A.H., Campbell, B.T., Jones, D., Chee, P. 2019. Genetic evaluation of exotic chromatins from two obsolete interspecific introgression lines of Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) for fiber quality improvement. Crop Science. 59:1073-1084.

Interpretive Summary: In Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), the Pee Dee breeding program in Florence, South Carolina has developed several extra-long staple “Sealand” germplasm lines in the mid 1930’s that presumably developed from Sea Island cotton (Gossypium barbadense L.) introgression. The objectives of this study were to identify the G. barbadense introgression chromosome segments in two lines, Sealand 542 and Sealand 883, and evaluate their effects on fiber quality. A total of 22 putative introgressions were detected including 12 segments on seven chromosomes in the Sealand 542 genome and 10 segments on five chromosomes in the Sealand 883 genome. We crossed Sealand 542 and Sealand 883 with a Upland breeding line to develop two intraspecific mapping populations. We identified 28 chromosome regions associated with fiber quality traits, including six for fiber elongation, four for fiber fineness, five for short fiber content, five for fiber strength, three for fiber length, and five for fiber uniformity. Stable introgression of G. barbadense fiber quality alleles in the Sealand lines and the absence of these alleles in predominant types of Upland cotton grown in the US make these introgression lines a valuable resource for Upland cotton improvement.

Technical Abstract: Interspecific introgression lines are important resources for plant breeders to access novel alleles from exotic germplasm. In Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), the Pee Dee breeding program in Florence, South Carolina has developed several extra-long staple “Sealand” germplasm lines in the mid 1930’s that presumably developed from Sea Island cotton (Gossypium barbadense L.) introgression. The objectives of this study were to identify the G. barbadense introgression chromosome segments in two lines, Sealand 542 and Sealand 883, and evaluate their effects on fiber quality. A total of 22 putative introgressions were detected including 12 segments on seven chromosomes in the Sealand 542 genome and 10 segments on five chromosomes in the Sealand 883 genome. We crossed Sealand 542 and Sealand 883 with a Upland breeding line to develop two intraspecific mapping populations. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis identified 28 chromosome regions associated with fiber quality traits, including six for fiber elongation, four for fiber fineness, five for short fiber content, five for fiber strength, three for fiber length, and five for fiber uniformity. At least 13 fiber quality QTLs were detected on the G. barbadense introgressed chromosomal segments. Favorable alleles for 17 QTLs were contributed by the Sealand lines and the genetic effects of these QTLs are evaluated over three generations. Stable introgression of G. barbadense fiber quality alleles in the Sealand lines and the absence of these alleles in predominant types of Upland cotton grown in the US make these introgression lines a valuable resource for Upland cotton improvement.