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Research Project: New Weed Management Tools from Natural Product-Based Discoveries

Location: Natural Products Utilization Research

Title: Antiplasmodial and cytotoxic cytochalasins from an endophytic fungus, Nemania sp. UM10M, isolated from a diseased torreya taxifolia leaf

Author
item KUMARIHAMY, M - University Of Mississippi
item FERREIRA, D - University Of Mississippi
item CROOM, E - Croomia
item SAHU, R - University Of Mississippi
item TEKWANI, B - University Of Mississippi
item Duke, Stephen
item KHAN, S - University Of Mississippi
item TECHEN, N - University Of Mississippi Medical Center
item NANAYAKKARA, NP - University Of Mississippi

Submitted to: Molecules
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 2/16/2019
Publication Date: 2/21/2019
Publication URL: http://handle.nal.usda.gov/10113/6471075
Citation: Kumarihamy, M., Ferreira, D., Croom, E.M., Sahu, R., Tekwani, B.L., Duke, S.O., Khan, S., Techen, N., Nanayakkara, N.D. 2019. Antiplasmodial and cytotoxic cytochalasins from an endophytic fungus, Nemania sp. UM10M, isolated from a diseased torreya taxifolia leaf. Molecules. 24(4):777. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24040777.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24040777

Interpretive Summary: Three known compounds (cytochalasins) were extracted from a fungus infecting a plant. These compounds were toxic to a malaria-causing microbe and to plants, and were weakly toxic to human cancer cells. In a mouse model, the most promising of the compounds only weakly suppressed malaria and was highly toxic to the the mouse.

Technical Abstract: Bioassay-guided fractionation of an EtOAc extract of the broth of the endophytic fungus Nemania sp. UM10M (Xylariaceae) isolated from a diseased Torreya taxifolia leaf afforded three known cytochalasins, 19,20-epoxycytochalasins C (1) and D (2), and 18-deoxy-19,20-epoxycytochalasin C (3). All three compounds showed potent in vitro antiplasmodial activity and phytotoxicity with no cytotoxicity to Vero cells. These compounds exhibited moderate to weak cytotoxicity to some of the cell lines of a panel of solid tumor (SK-MEL, KB, BT-549, and SK-OV-3) and kidney epithelial cells (LLC-PK11). Evaluation of in vivo antimalarial activity of 19,20-epoxycytochalasin C (1) in a mouse model at 100 mg/kg dose showed that this compound had weak suppressive antiplasmodial activity and was toxic to animals.