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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Mayaguez, Puerto Rico » Tropical Crops and Germplasm Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #362138
Research Project: Conservation and Utilization of Tropical and Subtropical Tree Fruit, Cacao and Bamboo Genetic Resources

Location: Tropical Crops and Germplasm Research

Title: Novel nondestructive technique to determine optimum harvesting stage of ‘Ataúlfo’ mango fruit

Author
item OSUNA-GARCIA, JORGE - INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE INVESTIGACIONES FORESTALES Y AGROPECUARIAS (INIFAP)
item OIVERAS-FIGUEROA, JESUS - AUTONOMOUS UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF MEXICO
item TOIVONEN, PETER - AGRICULTURE AND AGRI-FOOD CANADA
item SALAZAR, SAMUEL - INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE INVESTIGACIONES FORESTALES Y AGROPECUARIAS (INIFAP)
item Goenaga, Ricardo

Submitted to: American Society of Horticulture Science Meeting
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 4/9/2019
Publication Date: 7/25/2019
Citation: Osuna-Garcia, J.A., Oiveras-Figueroa, J.D., Toivonen, P.M., Salazar, S., Goenaga, R.J. 2019. Novel nondestructive technique to determine optimum harvesting stage of ‘Ataúlfo’ mango fruit. American Society of Horticulture Science Meeting. Abstract.

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: Mango fruit must be harvested at the right maturity stage to ensure good flavor and quality when ripe. Lately, a portable nondestructive device that uses near infrared spectroscopy to estimate fruit maturity is available. ‘Ataúlfo’ mango has a light-green skin at harvest, turning yellow-orange when ready to eat. The objectives of this assay were to validate a portable spectrometer on determining optimum harvesting stage of ‘Ataúlfo’ fruit using dry matter (DM) and skin color as reference values. To build the model, samples were collected on May 9, 2018, from an orchard located in Nayarit State, Mexico. Two hundred fruit were harvested at different ripening stages: 1. Unripe; 2. Green Mature 1 (GM1); 3. Green Mature 2 (GM2); 4. Green Mature 3 (GM3); and 5. Fully mature. Fruit were scanned with the F-750 (Felix Instrument Inc.) at three temperatures (15, 25, and 35 °C). Skin color (‘a’ value) was also measured at the three temperatures with a Minolta 400 Chroma meter. DM was attained in a conventional oven by drying samples for 72 h at 60 °C. We did two validations from a commercial packinghouse with six different lots of 35 fruit each on May 31 and June 18, 2018. In addition, during June 2018, we did a third validation comparing the F-750 versus the Heat Units Accumulation (HUA) technique with ‘Ataúlfo’ fruit harvested at 1,600 HU in Nayarit and Sinaloa States. The best model linearity was obtained on skin color ‘a’ (R2 = 0.98) whereas for DM the R2 was only 0.70. For the first validation, the best predicted value was skin color ‘a’ with an R2 = 0.9144, followed by DM with an R2 = 0.7056. On the second validation run, the adjusted predicted value for skin color ‘a’ had an R2 = 0.8798, while DM had an R2 = 0.4445. When comparing F-750 versus HUA in Nayarit, ‘Ataúlfo’ skin color ranged from -14.26 (dark green) to -6.61 (light green) while the skin color average difference between the F-750 vs the Minolta colorimeter was only -0.04. Alternatively, for ‘Ataúlfo’ harvested in Sinaloa, skin color ranged from -12.67 to -5.68. In this case, the skin color average difference between the F-750 vs the Minolta colorimeter was only -0.06, but the correlation was higher (R2 = 0.90). In conclusion, using skin color with the F-750 may be a good nondestructive technique to determine the optimum harvesting stage on ‘Ataúlfo’ mango.