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ARS Home » Northeast Area » Leetown, West Virginia » Cool and Cold Water Aquaculture Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #363844
Research Project: Integrated Research Approaches for Improving Production Efficiency in Salmonids

Location: Cool and Cold Water Aquaculture Research

Title: Fishmeal alternative from renewable CO2 for rainbow trout feed

Author
item LEE, SEUNGHAN - University Of Idaho
item KUMAR, VIKAS - University Of Idaho
item Cleveland, Beth
item TOMANO, NICHOLAS - University Of Arkansas At Pine Bluff
item VEMURI, GOUTHAM - Sasya, Llc
item YADAV, AMIT - University Of Idaho
item HARDY, RONALD - University Of Idaho

Submitted to: Aquaculture Research
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 6/1/2020
Publication Date: 7/7/2020
Citation: Lee, S., Kumar, V., Cleveland, B.M., Tomano, N., Vemuri, G., Yadav, A., Hardy, R. 2020. Fishmeal alternative from renewable CO2 for rainbow trout feed. Aquaculture Research. 261, 357–368. https://doi.org/10.1111/are.14749.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/are.14749

Interpretive Summary: The rapid global growth in fish farming has driven the aquafeed industry to seek alternative protein sources to reduce reliance upon fishmeal that originates from capture fisheries. This study evaluated the potential for a single cell protein (SCP) product as a replacement for fishmeal in rainbow trout diets. The SCP is produced by SasyaLLC and has a similar amino acid profile as wild-caught fishmeal. Rainbow trout consuming diets containing SCP exhibited similar growth performance and nutrient retention as fish consuming entirely fishmeal-based diets, but differences in expression of genes related to fat metabolism suggests that SCP may affect how some fats are metabolized. These study indicates that SCP may be an alternative protein source to reduce reliance upon fishmeal and increase aquaculture sustainability.

Technical Abstract: The rapid global growth in fish farming and limited supply of fish meal (FM) have consequently reduced FM inclusions in compound feeds leading to a higher reliance on alternative protein sources. SasyaLLC is a U.S. corporation that produces a single cell protein (SCP) product that has a similar amino acid profile as wild-capture fishmeal. The aim was to evaluate the effects of replacing FM with SCP on the in vivo digestibility, growth, feeding efficiencies, whole body proximate/amino acid composition and gene expression of various hepatic enzymes in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Three iso-nitrogenous (470 g/kg crude protein) and iso-energetic (5150 kcal/kg) diets were formulated as: Diet 1: Control (30% FM); Diet 2: 24% FM + 6% SCP and Diet 3: 18% FM + 12% SCP. Each treatment was triplicated with thirty rainbow trout fingerlings (4.99 ± 0.20g) in each tank and trout were hand fed to apparent satiation over 9 weeks. Apparent digestibility coefficients of SCP for dry matter, crude protein, lipid and energy were 60, 80, 93 and 74%, respectively. Growth performance (final weight: 69 – 71 g), feed conversion ratios (0.91 – 0.94) as well as whole body protein and amino acid composition were unaffected by diets. However, Diet 3 significantly increased whole body crude fat and energy. Fish fed the SCP-based diets had significantly higher expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1b (CPT1b), fatty acid delta 5/6 desaturase (FADS5/6) and fatty acid elongase 5 compared to the control. This was reflected in a slightly higher EPA whole-body content. Overall, the quality of the SCP was similar as FM, therefore this product could enlarge the portfolio of alternative protein sources that can be used in fish diets and open a new market opportunity for use of a new feed resource in the feed industry.