Why most insects have very low proportions of C20 polyunsaturated fatty acids: the oxidative stress hypothesis

Authors: Stanley, David; KIM, YOUNGGYUN - Andong National University

Submitted to: Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 9/6/2019
Publication Date: 10/4/2019
Citation: Stanley, D.W., Kim, Y. 2019. Why most insects have very low proportions of C20 polyunsaturated fatty acids: the oxidative stress hypothesis. Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology. 103(1):e21622. https://doi.org/10.1002/arch.21622.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/arch.21622

Interpretive Summary: Terrestrial insects differ from virtually all other animals in the compositions of their body fats. Specifically, they have very low amounts of certain fatty acids, typically only trace amounts that are very difficult to detect using the most modern instrumentation. All other animals that have been studied in this regard have very large amounts of these fatty acids. On the other hand, terrestrial insects require these components because they are metabolized into biological signal molecules that mediate important physiological actions, such as immunity and reproduction. This situation has been recognized for some time, however, no explanation has been offered. In this paper we develop a hypothesis that explains the unique terrestrial insect pattern. Specifically, the pattern serves to protect these insects from oxidative stress. This issue goes far beyond simple curiosity because genes encoding the proteins that help reduce oxidative stress may be developed as potential targets that can be exploited in development of modern, genetically-based insect pest management technologies. The ideas put forth in this paper will be useful to researchers around the world who are working to develop new insect pest management technologies. Ultimately, these ideas will benefit consumers at the global level.

Technical Abstract: NO TECHNICAL ABSTRACT