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ARS Home » Midwest Area » Columbia, Missouri » Plant Genetics Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #368365
Research Project: Gene Discovery and Designing Soybeans for Food, Feed, and Industrial Applications

Location: Plant Genetics Research

Title: Field performance of high oleic soybeans with mutant FAD2-1A and FAD2-1B genes in Tennessee

Author
item DARR, LAUREN - University Of Tennessee
item CUNICELLI, MIA - University Of Tennessee
item BHANDARI, HEM - University Of Tennessee
item Bilyeu, Kristin
item CHEN, FENG - University Of Tennessee
item HEWEZI, TAREK - University Of Tennessee
item LI, ZENGLU - University Of Georgia
item SAMS, CARL - University Of Tennessee
item PANTALONE, VINCENT - University Of Tennessee

Submitted to: Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 10/14/2019
Publication Date: 1/1/2020
Citation: Darr, L., Cunicelli, M., Bhandari, H., Bilyeu, K.D., Chen, F., Hewezi, T., Li, Z., Sams, C., Pantalone, V. 2020. Field performance of high oleic soybeans with mutant FAD2-1A and FAD2-1B genes in Tennessee. Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society. 97:49-56. https://doi.org/10.1002/aocs.12306.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/aocs.12306

Interpretive Summary: Soybean is an important oilseed, but utilization of commodity soybean oil has decreased due to the convergence of functional and health issues with processed soybean oil. Developing competitive yielding soybeans with more functional and healthful oil is an important research endeavor to add value and profitability in the soybean value chain. The objective of this research was to determine the interaction of the soybean high oleic acid oil trait with soybean yield potential in Tennessee. The results demonstrated that conventional high oleic acid soybeans can be developed without a yield drag. The impact of the results is new knowledge and soybean germplasm that can immediately impact soybean breeding for development of varieties with the high oleic acid oil quality trait.

Technical Abstract: Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] oil with high oleic acid (>80%) has increased oxidative stability and health benefits that are valuable for food, fuel, and industrial products. It has been determined that two naturally occurring mutations in genes FAD2-1A and FAD2-1B can combine to produce high oleic soybeans. The objective of this study was to test the effect of these mutant alleles on seed yield and oil and protein concentration. Molecular markers assisted in the creation of a population of 48 BC3F2:4 lines (93.75% expected genome commonality). Each line was classified into 1 of 4 genotypic groups where both FAD2-1A and FAD2-1B genes were either homozygous wild-type or mutant, respectively. Twelve lines for each genotypic group were evaluated in 3 replications at 6 locations across Tennessee. There was no seed yield difference between the high oleic genotypic group and the other groups (p < 0.05). On the other hand, there were differences in fatty acid profiles and oil and protein concentrations. In combination, the mutant FAD2-1A and FAD2-1B alleles produced a mean of 803.1 g kg-1 oleic acid. This is on average approximately 500 g kg-1 more oleic acid compared to soybean lines with only one mutant FAD2-1 allele. The high oleic double mutant group had more total oil (228.0 g kg-1) and protein (401.0 g kg-1) compared to all other genotypic groups (p < 0.05). Overall, this specific combination of mutant FAD2-1A and FAD2-1B alleles appears to generate conventional high oleic soybeans without a yield drag.