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Research Project: Countermeasures to Control and Eradicate Foreign Animal Diseases of Swine

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Title: Full Genomic Sequencing Of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Isolates From The 2004-2006 US Outbreaks Reveals Associations of Viral Genetics To Environmental Variables

Author
item Palinski, Rachel
item Pauszek, Steven
item BURRUSS, DYLAN - New Mexico State University
item Savoy, Heather
item PELZEL-MCCLUSKEYC, ANGELA - Animal And Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS)
item Arzt, Jonathan
item Peters, Debra
item Rodriguez, Luis

Submitted to: Meeting Abstract
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 11/19/2019
Publication Date: N/A
Citation: N/A

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: Vesicular stomatitis (VS) outbreaks in the western USA occur cyclically approximately every 8-10 years. Phylogenetic evidence based on a 450nt region of the P coding sequences suggests the initial introduction is a single viral lineage closely related to those circulating in endemic areas of Mexico. In 2004, a VS outbreak initiated in southern NM and TX and spread as far north as northern CO. Subsequently, in 2005, VS cases appeared in 9 states (AZ, CO, ID, MT, NE, NM, TX, UT and WY) and in 2006 VS reappeared only in WY. Phylogenetic suggested that a single VS virus New Jersey (VSNJV) lineage caused the 2004 outbreak, and re-emerged in 2005 and 2006. The mechanism of VS emergence and re-emergence remain unclear. Here, we use near full-length genomic sequences of 60 viral strains isolated from 2004-2006 in the US and Mexico to determine their phylogeographic relationships and environmental variables associated with outbreak dynamics. The results confirmed that a single VSNJV lineage caused the 2004-2006 US outbreaks and its closest ancestor was a virus circulating in Colima, Mexico in 2004. We also present evidence that the virus lineage overwintered in 2005 and 2006. Furthermore, rather than a simple geographic relationship, specific viral sublineages or patristic groups were associated to environmental variables, particularly precipitation and temperature. The results confirm the role of environmental factors in the evolution and spread of VSNJV in the USA