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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Auburn, Alabama » Soil Dynamics Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #369873
Research Project: Conservation Systems to Improve Production Efficiency, Reduce Risk, and Promote Sustainability

Location: Soil Dynamics Research

Title: Preemergence-herbicide placement and residue disturbance affect weed control in conservation tillage cotton

Author
item Price, Andrew
item LI, STEVE - Auburn University
item NICHOLS, ROBERT - Cotton, Inc

Submitted to: ASA-CSSA-SSSA Annual Meeting Abstracts
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 11/8/2019
Publication Date: 11/8/2019
Citation: Price, A.J., Li, S., Nichols, R. 2019. Preemergence-herbicide placement and residue disturbance affect weed control in conservation tillage cotton[abstract]. ASA-CSSA-SSSA Annual Meeting. CD ROM.

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: Conservation agriculture (CA) practices are threatened by glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth. Integrated control practices, including PRE-herbicides and high cover crop biomass CA systems, likely will decrease Amaranthus and other troublesome weed emergence. Field experiments were conducted from autumn 2010 through crop harvest in 2012 at two sites in Alabama to evaluate the effect of integrated weed management practices on weed control and seed cotton yield in glyphosate-resistant cotton. A cereal rye cover crop system was evaluated consisting of high or low biomass, each followed with wide or narrow within-row strip-tillage. Additionally, four herbicide regimes consisted of 1) pendimethalin at 0.84 kg ae/ha-1 plus fomesafen at 0.28 kg ai/ha-1 applied PRE broadcast, 2) pendimethalin plus fomesafen applied PRE banded on the row, or 3) no PRE, with each (1-3) followed by (fb) glyphosate (1.12 kg ae ha-1) applied POST fb a LAYBY applications of diuron (1.12 kg ai ha-1) plus MSMA (2.24 kg ai ha-1), or 4) the LAYBY application alone. Tillage width, residue amount, and soil applied herbicide placement did not influence within-row weed control; however, broadcast PRE resulted in increased weed control in row middles compared to plots receiving banded PRE. Narrow tillage and high biomass increased cotton yield, likely due to moisture conservation. Broadcast PRE herbicides resulted in higher yields compared to banded PRE. CA cotton would likely benefit from broadcast soil-applied herbicide applications regardless of residue amount and tillage width when infested with Palmer amaranth and other troublesome weed species.