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Research Project: IPM Methods for Insect Pests of Orchard Crops

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Title: Individual and synergist activities of monocrotophos with neem based pesticide, Vijayneem against Spodoptera litura Fab

Author
item RADHIKA, S - ST. FRANCIS XAVIER UNIVERSITY
item SAHAYARAJ, K - ST. FRANCIS XAVIER UNIVERSITY
item SENTHIL-NATHAN, S - MANONMANIAM SUNDARANAR UNIVERSITY (MSU)
item Hunter, Wayne

Submitted to: Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 5/13/2017
Publication Date: 5/19/2017
Citation: Radhika, S., Sahayaraj, K., Senthil-Nathan, S., Hunter, W.B. 2017. Individual and synergist activities of monocrotophos with neem based pesticide, Vijayneem against Spodoptera litura Fab. Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology. 101:54-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmpp.2017.05.004.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmpp.2017.05.004

Interpretive Summary: Lepidopteran pests occur in fruit tree crops like citrus, and a wide variety of food and fiber crops. The caterpillar pest, Spodoptera litura (Lepidotpera) attacks a wide variety of important crops: cotton, groundnut, soybean, rice, tomato, tobacco, maize and other vegetables. Globally it is reported to feed on over 74 species of cultivated crops and a few wild plants. Advances in using plant phytochemicals to reduce pests provides natural products which are only partially purified. Many plant products like oil from seeds of Azadirachta indica have low mammalian toxicity, and may provide a biorational ‘green’ product to control many insect pests. This study showed bioinsecticidal efficacy against the lepidopteran larvae for crop protection. Combination of the biopesticide with a commercial insecticide monocrotophos increased pest mortality, providing better control.

Technical Abstract: Lepidopteran pests occur in fruit tree crops like citrus and a wide variety of food and fiber crops. The caterpillar pest, Spodoptera litura (Lepidotpera) attacks a wide variety of important crops: cotton, groundnut, soybean, rice, tomato, tobacco, maize, and other vegetables. Globally it is reported to feed on over 74 species of cultivated crops and a few wild plants. To reduce costs and increase efficacy of treatments evaluations which combined a commercial product, monocrotophos and plant extracted oils from Azadirachta indica, called ‘Vijayneem’, were combined in ratios of 10% (10:90), 20% (20:80), 30% (30:70), 40% (40:60) and 50% (50:50) [Monocrotophos: Vijayneem] under laboratory conditions to determine efficacy of properties for pesticidal, repellency, stimulant of consumption, reducing development and reproduction. The biopesticide, Vijayneem oil (LC50= 10.62%), caused greater mortality in dermal toxicity bioassays (Lethal concentrations, LC50 = 18.05%) over ingestion. The greatest repellent activity was observed in third, fourth and fifth instars (Access Proportion Index= 0.25; =0.52; =0.67) in sprays of cotton leaves with monocrotophos. Insects which ingested treated leaves showed an increase in carbohydrate (27.0, 18.0%), protein (4.7, 7.7%) and lipid (4.0, 10.4%) content. The synergistic effects of the plant oil with low doses of monocrotophos may provide lower cost management of Spodoptera and other lepidopteran pests.