Nano-Bio interactions and their practical implications in agriculture

Authors: BEZBARUAH, ACHINTYA - North Dakota State University; Fortuna, Ann Marie

Submitted to: Grazinglands Research Laboratory Miscellaneous Publication
Publication Type: Book / Chapter
Publication Acceptance Date: 1/9/2020
Publication Date: N/A
Citation: N/A

Interpretive Summary: Abstract only

Technical Abstract: Engineered Nanomaterials (ENMs, size =100 nm at least in one dimension) are increasingly being studied for use in agricultural production systems as fertilizers and pesticides. The most commonly studied nanomaterials for agricultural applications are iron, iron oxides, zinc oxide, silver, gold, copper oxide, titanium dioxide, silica, aluminum oxide, carbon nanotubes, and graphene. In this book chapter we discuss some important aspects of nonmaterial applications in agriculture. While there is only limited understanding at this time, the clarification of interactions of the ENM, plants, soil, and the microorganisms within the soil will contribute to addressing our existing knowledge gaps with respect to the mechanisms of interactions and potential ENM dose or application rates for a given soil, crop, and climate. Such information provides a foundation for future design and development of smart and safe nanomaterials. The long-term application and retention of ENMs in soil necessitates the development of toxicology studies. In addition, this review indicates that further research is needed to aid agronomists in the development of guidelines and regulations for field applications of nano-based fertilizers, pesticides, and growth stimulants based on the properties and fate of nanoscale materials.