A black bean with resistance to bean rust: Registration of `ND Twilight'

Authors: OSORNO, JUAN - North Dakota State University; VANDER WAL, ALBERT - North Dakota State University; POSCH, JOHN - North Dakota State University; SIMONS, KRISTIN - North Dakota State University; GRAFTON, KENNETH - North Dakota State University; PASCHE, JULIE - North Dakota State University; VALENTINI, GISELI - Oak Ridge Institute For Science And Education (ORISE); Pastor Corrales, Marcial

Submitted to: Journal of Plant Registrations
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 8/22/2020
Publication Date: 12/9/2020
Citation: Osorno, J.M., Vander Wal, A.J., Posch, J., Simons, K., Grafton, K.F., Pasche, J.S., Valentini, G., Pastor Corrales, M.A. 2020. A black bean with resistance to bean rust: Registration of `ND Twilight'. Journal of Plant Registrations. https://doi.org/10.1002/plr2.20094.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/plr2.20094

Interpretive Summary: A recent shift has occurred in dry bean production in the United States. Black beans have become the second most important market class in the U.S. after Pinto beans. But black beans in North Dakota are susceptible to rust fungal disease, a significant yield limiting factor in North Dakota where the most dry beans are grown in the U.S. A new virulent strain of rust, known as race 20-3, is predominant in North Dakota. We have now demonstrated that the ND Twilight black bean cultivar is the only black bean that is resistant to race 20-3. At the USDA-ARS Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, Maryland, ND Twilight was inoculated with multiple races of rust, including race 20-3. These trials included the four parents of ND Twilight and multiple control cultivars. ND Twilight was highly resistant to race 20-3. These trials also showed that the black-seeded bean Raven, one of the parents of ND Twilight, was the source of the rust resistance. Because ND Twilight is resistant to rust and other diseases and because it has competitive seed yield and agronomic performance, ND Twilight could become an important black bean cultivar for the northern Great Plains region and other dry bean production areas. This bean is being released for growers of black beans and bean breeders interested in improving other varieties of black beans.

Technical Abstract: ND Twilight (PVP-202000258, Reg. No. __, PI _) is a new black bean cultivar developed by the Dry Edible Bean Breeding program at North Dakota State University (NDSU), and released by the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station (NDAES). ND Twilight was developed using a modified pedigree method (F1-F5), followed by pure line selection based on agronomic, disease, and quality traits, along with specific DNA markers. With ~24% of the total dry bean production in the U.S., black bean is the second most important market class after pinto. Accounting for ~35% of the total production, North Dakota is the largest producer of dry beans in the U.S. However, both biotic and abiotic stresses are the main factors responsible for seed yield reductions. Between 2014 and 2019, ND Twilight was tested across more than 21 environments in North Dakota, where seed yield was significantly different from Zorro and similar to Eclipse and Loreto. ND Twilight is resistant to the most common race (20-3) of the bean rust pathogen and bean common mosaic virus (BCMV). It also has intermediate resistance to common bacterial blight (CBB) and to Soybean Cyst Nematode (HG Type 0). ND Twilight has desirable upright architecture (type IIa). Under North Dakota conditions, ND Twilight shows an average plant height of 49 cm, has a 100-seed weight of 19.7 g, and matures in ~99 d. Canning quality was rated as acceptable. Other traits of agronomic/economic importance are within acceptable commercial ranges.