Genetic mapping and QTL analysis for peanut smut resistance

Authors: DE BLAS, FRANCISCO - Universidad Nacional De Cordoba; BRUNO, CECILLA - Universidad Nacional De Cordoba; Arias De Ares, Renee; BALLEN-TABORDA, CAROLINA - University Of Georgia; MAMANI, EVE - Instituto Nacional Tecnologia Agropecuaria; ODDINO, CLAUDIO - Criadero El Carmen, Arg; ROSSO, MELINA - Criadero El Carmen, Arg; COSTERO, BEATRIZ - Universidad Nacional De Cordoba; BRESSANO, MARINA - Universidad Nacional De Cordoba; SOAVE, JUAN - Criadero El Carmen, Arg; SOAVE, SARA - Criadero El Carmen, Arg; BUTELER, MARIO - Criadero El Carmen, Arg; SEIJO, GUILLERMO - Universidad National Del Nordeste; Massa, Alicia

Submitted to: BMC Plant Biology
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 5/10/2021
Publication Date: 7/2/2021
Citation: De Blas, F.J., Bruno, C.I., Arias De Ares, R.S., Ballen-Taborda, C., Mamani, E., Oddino, C., Rosso, M., Costero, B., Bressano, M., Soave, J.H., Soave, S.J., Buteler, M.I., Seijo, G.J., Massa, A.N. 2021. Genetic mapping and QTL analysis for peanut smut resistance. Biomed Central (BMC) Plant Biology. 21:312. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-021-03023-4.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-021-03023-4

Interpretive Summary: This study constructed a genetic linkage map for a novel interspecific recombinant inbred line population that enabled the genetic dissection of smut resistance in cultivated peanut. Two large effect quantitative trait loci introgressed from wild diploid Arachis species represent different sources, which is very important for the development of peanut cultivars with durable resistance.

Technical Abstract: Background. Peanut smut is a disease caused by the fungus Thecaphora frezii Carranza & Lindquist to which most commercial cultivars in South America are highly susceptible. It is responsible for severely decreased yield and no effective chemical treatment is available to date. However, smut resistance has been identified in wild Arachis species and further transferred to peanut elite cultivars. To identify the genome regions conferring smut resistance within a tetraploid genetic background, this study evaluated a RIL population {susceptible Arachis hypogaea subsp. hypogaea (JS17304-7-B)'×'resistant synthetic amphidiploid (JS1806) [A. correntina (K 11905)'×'A. cardenasii (KSSc 36015)]'×'A. batizocoi (K 9484)4×} segregating for the trait. Results. A SNP based genetic map arranged into 21 linkage groups belonging to the 20 peanut chromosomes was constructed with 1819 markers, spanning a genetic distance of 2531.81'cM. Two consistent quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were identified qSmIA08 and qSmIA02/B02, located on chromosome A08 and A02/B02, respectively. The QTL qSmIA08 at 15.20'cM/5.03 Mbp explained 17.53% of the phenotypic variance, while qSmIA02/B02 at 4.0'cM/3.56 Mbp explained 9.06% of the phenotypic variance. The combined genotypic effects of both QTLs reduced smut incidence by 57% and were stable over the 3 years of evaluation. The genome regions containing the QTLs are rich in genes encoding proteins involved in plant defense, providing new insights into the genetic architecture of peanut smut resistance. Conclusions. A major QTL and a minor QTL identified in this study provide new insights into the genetic architecture of peanut smut resistance that may aid in breeding new varieties resistant to peanut smut.