Potential biomarkers for early detection of 3-MCPD dipalmitate exposure in Sprague Dawley rats

Authors: HUANG, GUOREN - Shanghai Jiaotong University; WU, YANGBEI - Beijing Advanced Innovation Center For Food Nutrition And Human Health, Beijing Technology & Busine; LIU, MAN - Shanghai Jiaotong University; SUN, XIANGJUN - Shanghai Jiaotong University; LU, WEIYING - Shanghai Jiaotong University; GAO, BOYAN - Shanghai Jiaotong University; Wang, Thomas - Tom; YU, LIANGLI - University Of Maryland

Submitted to: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 8/11/2020
Publication Date: 9/2/2020
Citation: Huang, G., Wu, Y., Liu, M., Sun, X., Lu, W., Gao, B., Wang, T.T., Yu, L. 2020. Potential biomarkers for early detection of 3-MCPD dipalmitate exposure in Sprague Dawley rats. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 68(35):9594-9602. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.0c03474.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.0c03474

Interpretive Summary: The ability to detect blood contaminants from the food source is critical for maintaining food safety and human health. 3-Chloro-1,2-propandiol (3-MCPD) dipalmitate is one of the major 3-MCPD esters formed during food processing. In this single-dose study, the metabonomic profile changes in the 48 hours after an orally administrated 3-MCPD dipalmitate at 1600 mg/kg BW to Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were analyzed with liquid chromatography (LC), coupled with the mass spectrometry (MS) system. The chemical structures of twelve potential biomarkers for 3-MCPD dipalmitate exposures early detection were detected and tentatively identified from the plasma of SD rats, including indoxyl sulfate, phenol sulphate, p-cresol sulfate, 2-phenylethanol glucuronide, p-cresol glucuronide, p-cresol, allantoin, phenylacetylglycine, pyrocatechol sulfate, phenyllactic acid, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and creatinine. Taking into account the metabolites identified from SD rats’ kidneys, liver, testis and spleen samples, 3-MCPD dipalmitate might potentially disturb the phenylalanine, tryptophan, tyrosine, glycine, fatty acid, and purine metabolisms. The results suggested that the twelve plasma metabolites could be potentially applied in detecting the early exposures of 3-MCPD esters. This study provides information on candidate biomarkers for 3-MCPD contamination ingested from food. The information will benefit basic, translational scientists, as well as regulatory scientists who are interested in blood biomarkers for food safety.

Technical Abstract: 3-Chloro-1,2-propandiol (3-MCPD) dipalmitate is one of the major 3-MCPD esters formed during food processing. In this single-dose study, the metabonomic profile changes in the 48 hours after orally administrated 3-MCPD dipalmitate at 1600 mg/kg BW to Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were analyzed with liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with the mass spectrometry (MS) system. The chemical structures of twelve potential biomarkers for 3-MCPD dipalmitate exposures early detection were detected and tentatively identified from the plasma of SD rats, including indoxyl sulfate, phenol sulphate, p-cresol sulfate, 2-phenylethanol glucuronide, p-cresol glucuronide, p-cresol, allantoin, phenylacetylglycine, pyrocatechol sulfate, phenyllactic acid, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and creatinine. Taking into account the metabolites identified from SD rats’ kidney, liver, testis and spleen samples, 3-MCPD dipalmitate might potentially disturb the phenylalanine, tryptophan, tyrosine, glycine, fatty acid, and purine metabolisms. The results suggested that the twelve plasma metabolites could be potentially applied in detecting the early exposures of 3-MCPD esters.