Human milk and dairy-based formula impact large intestine metabolome profile in a neonatal porcine model

Authors: ROSA, F - Arkansas Children'S Nutrition Research Center (ACNC); MATAZEL, K - Arkansas Children'S Nutrition Research Center (ACNC); ELOLIMY, A - Arkansas Children'S Nutrition Research Center (ACNC); Ferruzzi, Mario; BOWLIN, AK - University Arkansas For Medical Sciences (UAMS); WILLIAMS, KD - Arkansas Children'S Nutrition Research Center (ACNC); YERUVA, L - Arkansas Children'S Nutrition Research Center (ACNC)

Submitted to: Keystone Symposia
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 9/23/2020
Publication Date: N/A
Citation: N/A

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: Human milk (HM) contains a diversity of bioactive molecules including antimicrobial lipids, oligosaccharides, and microbiota that can shape early life and postnatal gut microbiota development. However, the impact of HM on the large intestine metabolome remains unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of HM or dairy-based formula (MF) on the large intestine metabolome. Two-day old male piglets were randomly assigned to HM or MF diet (n = 26/group), from postnatal day (PND) 2 through 21. Piglets were weaned to an exclusively solid diet at PND 21 until PND 51. A subset of piglets were euthanized at PND 21 (n=11/group) and PND 51 (n=15/group), where cecum, proximal and distal colons, and rectum contents were collected and subsequently subjected to untargeted metabolomic analyses. Data analysis were performed using Metaboanalyst software with a false discovery rate (FDR) <= 0.15, VIP score > 1.0, and P-value <= 0.05. In comparison to MF, HM diet resulted in higher levels of fatty acids (i.e., capric, palmitoleic, palmitic, linoleic, linolenic, oleic, and stearic acids) in the contents derived from cecum, proximal and distal colons, and rectum at PND 21 (P <= 0.02) likely resulting in fatty acid biosynthesis in the HM group. In HM-fed piglets, the a-amino acids glutamic and aspartic acids were greater in the proximal (P < 0.01) and distal colon (P = 0.02) relative to the MF group at PND 21. Spermidine and nicotinamide were higher (P = 0.01) in the rectum contents of HM fed piglets relative to the MF group at PND 21. At PND 51, the MF diet resulted in greater abundance of the metabolites urocanic acid and dihydroxyacetone (P < 0.01) in the proximal and distal colon, respectively. The data suggest that diet-associated differences in fatty acid and amino acid abundances in the HM group could impact metabolism in the neonatal large intestine.