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ARS Home » Plains Area » College Station, Texas » Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center » Crop Germplasm Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #378970
Research Project: Advanced Genomic and Bioinformatic Tools for Accelerated Cotton Genetic Improvement

Location: Crop Germplasm Research

Title: The Gossypium longicalyx genome as a resource for cotton breeding and evolution

Author
item GROVER, CORRINNE - Iowa State University
item PAN, MENGQIAO - Nanjing Agricultural University
item YUAN, DAOJUN - Huazhong Agricultural University
item ARICK, MARK - Mississippi State University
item HU, GUANJING - Iowa State University
item BRASE, LOGAN - Washington University
item STELLY, DAVID - Texas A&M University
item LU, ZEFU - University Of Georgia
item SCHMITZ, ROBERT - University Of Georgia
item PETERSON, DANIEL - Mississippi State University
item WENDEL, JONATHAN - Iowa State University
item Udall, Joshua - Josh

Submitted to: Genes, Genomes, Genetics
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 3/1/2020
Publication Date: 3/2/2020
Citation: Grover, C.E., Pan, M., Yuan, D., Arick, M.A., Hu, G., Brase, L., Stelly, D.M., Lu, Z., Schmitz, R.J., Peterson, D.G., Wendel, J.F., Udall, J.A. 2020. The Gossypium longicalyx genome as a resource for cotton breeding and evolution. Genes, Genomes, Genetics. 10:1457-1467. https://doi.org/10.1534/g3.120.401050.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1534/g3.120.401050

Interpretive Summary: Gossypium longicalyx is a close, diploid relative of cultivated cotton. The genome of Gossypium longicalyx was sequenced and reported to the cotton research community. G. longicalyx was found to have natural resistance to reniform nemotode and genome segements conferring resistance have been introduced into domesticated cotton (G. hirsutum). These genes provide a source of natural resistance to a major cotton pest. G. longicalyx contains other valuable traits for cotton production. These other traits will be easier to introduce and breed into cultivated cotton now that a genome sequence is available.

Technical Abstract: Cotton is an important crop that has made significant gains in production over the last century. Emerging pests such as the reniform nematode have threatened cotton production. The rare African diploid species Gossypium longicalyx is a wild species that has been used as an important source of reniform nematode immunity. While mapping and breeding efforts have made some strides in transferring this immunity to the cultivated polyploid species, the complexities of interploidal transfer combined with substantial linkage drag have inhibited progress in this area. Moreover, this species shares its most recent common ancestor with the cultivated A-genome diploid cottons, thereby providing insight into the evolution of long, spinnable fiber. Here we report a newly generated de novo genome assembly of G. longicalyx. This high-quality genome leveraged a combination of PacBio long-read technology, Hi-C chromatin conformation capture, and BioNano optical mapping to achieve a chromosome level assembly. The utility of the G. longicalyx genome for understanding reniform immunity and fiber evolution is discussed.