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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Stoneville, Mississippi » Crop Genetics Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #379942
Research Project: Genetics and Management of Newly Emerging Soybean Cyst Nematodes and Predominant Fungal Diseases for Sustainable Soybean Production

Location: Crop Genetics Research

Title: Resistance to charcoal rot identified within soybean cyst nematode resistant accessions

Author
item Mengistu, Alemu
item Bellaloui, Nacer
item Arelli, Prakash

Submitted to: Plant Health Progress
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 3/25/2021
Publication Date: 9/2/2021
Citation: Mengistu, A., Bellaloui, N., Arelli, P.R. 2021. Resistance to charcoal rot identified within soybean cyst nematode resistant accessions. Plant Health Progress. 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHP-01-21-0004-RS.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1094/PHP-01-21-0004-RS

Interpretive Summary: Two infectious root diseases that cause significant yield losses worldwide in soybean are charcoal rot and the soybean cyst nematode. The objective of this research was to evaluate resistance to charcoal rot in a set of 120 lines reported to have resistance to one or more races of soybean cyst nematode so that lines with combined resistance could be identified. Charcoal rot severity ranged from 1 to 5, where 1 is resistant and 5 susceptible. The result showed that out of the 120 soybean accessions tested for charcoal rot resistance 12 were identified to have moderate levels of resistance, 51 had moderate susceptibility, and 60 were susceptible. Furthermore, the accessions with moderate resistance to charcoal rot had resistance for one to two races of soybean cyst nematode. Within the lines identified with moderate resistance to charcoal rot, nine had a yellow seed coat, a desirable agronomic trait. These lines can be used as parents in soybean breeding programs for developing soybean cultivars with combined resistance to both charcoal rot and soybean cyst nematode.

Technical Abstract: Two infectious root diseases that cause significant yield losses worldwide in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] are charcoal rot (CR) caused by Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. and the soybean cyst nematode (SCN), caused by Heterodera glycines Ichinohe. Since CR and SCN may occur together in many soybean production fields, it is essential that breeders attempt to develop varieties with resistance to both diseases. One hundred twenty soybean plant introductions (PI) with known SCN resistance and a combination of resistance and susceptibility to HG Type 2.5.7 (races 1 and 5), HG Type 1.2.5.7 (race 2), HG Type 5.7 (race 3) and HG Type 1.3.6.7 (race 14) were screened in 2006 and 2007 in a field known to have high levels of Macrophomina phaseolina inoculum. Host tissue colonization by M. phaseolina was assessed through destructive sampling of 10 plants between growth stages R7 to R7.5. The severity of internal discoloration in stem and root tissues was measured on a scale of 1 to 5 (where 1 = resistant, >1 to 2 = moderately resistant, >2 to <3 = moderately susceptible, and 3–5 = susceptible). Twelve soybean accession were identified to have moderate levels of resistance (severity>1 to 2), 51 accessions had moderate susceptibility (severity >2 to <3) while 60 were susceptible (severity=3-5). The accessions with moderate resistance to CR also had resistance for one to two races of the six races of SCN. Within the accessions identified with moderate resistance to CR, nine had a yellow seed coat, a desirable agronomic trait. These accessions can be used as parents in soybean breeding programs for developing soybean cultivars with combined resistance to both CR and SCN.