Quantitative determination and characterization of polyphenols from Cissus quadrangularis L. and dietary supplements using UHPLC-PDA-MS, LC-QToF and HPTLC

Authors: AVULA, BHARATHI - University Of Mississippi; BAE, JI-YEONG - University Of Mississippi; ZHAO, JIANPING - University Of Mississippi; WANG, YAN-HONG - University Of Mississippi; Wang, Mei; ZHANG, ZHIHAO - University Of Mississippi; ALI, ZULFIQAR - University Of Mississippi; KHAN, IKHLAS - University Of Mississippi

Submitted to: Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 3/20/2021
Publication Date: 3/23/2021
Citation: Avula, B., Bae, J., Zhao, J., Wang, Y., Wang, M., Zhang, Z., Ali, Z., Khan, I. 2021. Quantitative determination and characterization of polyphenols from Cissus quadrangularis L. and dietary supplements using UHPLC-PDA-MS, LC-QToF and HPTLC. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114036.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114036

Interpretive Summary: Cissus quadrangularis L. (Vitaceae), indigenous to Asia and Africa, was used for both medicinal and dietary purposes but limited information is available about the phytochemistry of the plant. Stem and leaf samples were assessed for the simultaneous determination of polyphenolic compounds. The newly developed UHPLC-PDA method for quantitative determination of ten compounds was found to be capable of giving shorter retention times while maintaining a good resolution. The developed method was validated for all parameters tested and successfully applied for the identification of these pharmacologically active compounds in plant materials of Cissus species, and dietary supplements that claim to contain C. quadrangularis (CQ). An HPTLC method was also developed for the rapid chemical fingerprint analysis of Cissus samples. The HPTLC method developed is rapid, comparatively simple to identify a large of samples in parallel, and versatile. It is also an ideal screening tool for adulterations and is highly suitable for evaluation and testing of stability. Additionally, it can also be used to differentiate Cissus species. Market products revealed significant product-to-product variations.

Technical Abstract: Stem and leaf of Cissus quadrangularis L. (Vitaceae), indigenous to Asia and Africa, were used for both medicinal and dietary purposes but limited information is available about the phytochemistry of the plant. Stem and leaf samples were assessed for the simultaneous determination of polyphenolic compounds (catechin, epicatechin, quercetin-3-O-ß-glucopyranoside, kaempferol-3-O-ß-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-ß-rhamnoside, leachianol F, amurensin A, pallidol, resveratrol, and quadrangularin A), using UHPLC-PDA-MS. The validation data showed that the method is precise, specific, accurate and linear over the range of 0.5-100 µg/mL. Reversed phase ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) fingerprints of the crude methanolic stem and leaf extracts of C. quadrangularis were obtained at different wavelengths based on their 'max. Polyphenolics were characterized using both UHPLC-PDA-MS and LC-QToF analysis. From liquid chromatography quadrapole time of flight-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-QToF) spectra, over 40 components were structurally correlated and confirmation was based on the fragmentation characteristics and also from the information available in the literature. An HPTLC method was also developed for the rapid chemical fingerprint analysis of Cissus samples.