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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Tifton, Georgia » Crop Genetics and Breeding Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #382041
Research Project: Development of High-Yielding, High-Oleic Peanut Cultivars or Germplasm with Tolerance to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses

Location: Crop Genetics and Breeding Research

Title: Registration of GA-BatSten1 and GA-MagSten1, two induced allotetraploids derived from peanut wild relatives with superior resistance to leaf spots, rust and root-knot nematode

Author
item BERTIOLI, D - University Of Georgia
item GAO, D - University Of Georgia
item BALLEN-TABORDA, C - University Of Georgia
item CHU, Y - University Of Georgia
item OZIAS-AKINS, P - University Of Georgia
item JACKSON, S - University Of Georgia
item Holbrook, Carl - Corley
item LEAL-BERTIOLI, S.C.M. - University Of Georgia

Submitted to: Journal of Plant Registrations
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 1/14/2021
Publication Date: 5/7/2021
Citation: Bertioli, D.J., Gao, D., Ballen-Taborda, C., Chu, Y., Ozias-Akins, P., Jackson, S.A., Holbrook Jr, C.C., Leal-Bertioli, S. 2021. Registration of GA-BatSten1 and GA-MagSten1, two induced allotetraploids derived from peanut wild relatives with superior resistance to leaf spots, rust and root-knot nematode. Journal of Plant Registrations. 15:372-378. https://doi.org/10.1002/plr2.20133.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/plr2.20133

Interpretive Summary: Peanut is plagued by diseases and pests. Wild relatives of peanut harbor genes which confer strong resistance to disease and pest and adaptation to environmental stresses, traits which frequently cannot be found in the cultivated peanut species. Unfortunately, due to differences in numbers of chromosomes, the wild relatives are not cross compatible with the cultivated species. We crossed three wild relatives and use a chemical treatment to double the chromosome of the resulting hybrids. These induced tetraploids are cross compatible with cultivated peanut, carry resistance to early and late leaf spot and root-knot nematode and are being used in breeding programs in the U.S. for the production of resistant peanut varieties.

Technical Abstract: Wild relatives of peanut harbor alleles which confer strong resistance to diseases and pests and adaptation to environmental stresses, traits which frequently cannot be found in Arachis hypogaea. However, most wild species are diploid whilst cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea) is tetraploid. When crossed they produce sterile progeny, thus hindering their direct use in peanut breeding. To make the alleles of three wild species accessions directly available for breeding, we developed at the University of Georgia, two fertile artificially induced allotetraploids (also known as amphidiploids or neotetraploids): GA-BatSten1 and GA-MagSten1. They derive from crosses between wild diploid species of peanut, A. batizocoi x A. stenosperma, and A. magna x S. stenosperma, respectively. Cuttings from the sterile diploid F1s were treated with colchicine. From some of these cuttings, fertile induced tetraploid seed were produced. These induced tetraploids are compatible with cultivated peanut, carry resistance to early and late leaf spot and root-knot nematode and are being used in breeding programs in the U.S. for the production of resistant cultivars.