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Research Project: Impact of Maternal Influence and Early Dietary Factors on Child Growth, Development, and Metabolic Health

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Title: Predictors of platelet mitochondria respiration in children – The Arkansas Active Kids Study

Author
item DIAZ, EVA - Arkansas Children'S Nutrition Research Center (ACNC)
item WEBER, JUDITH - Arkansas Children'S Nutrition Research Center (ACNC)
item COTTER, MATTHEW - Arkansas Children'S Hospital
item PORTER, CRAIG - Arkansas Children'S Nutrition Research Center (ACNC)
item Adams, Sean
item EDWARDS, TIMOTHY - Arkansas Children'S Hospital
item YOUNG, CATARINA - Arkansas Children'S Nutrition Research Center (ACNC)
item B0RSHEIM, ELISABET - Arkansas Children'S Nutrition Research Center (ACNC)

Submitted to: Meeting Abstract
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 3/8/2021
Publication Date: N/A
Citation: N/A

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: Platelets play a critical role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic disease (AD). In the absence of a nucleus, platelet function and viability are largely dependent on the health of their mitochondria. Therefore, platelet mitochondria is of interest in AD prevention research. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between common markers of cardiometabolic health in 7 to 10-year-old children and measures of platelet mitochondria function. Sixty children participated in a single study visit. Fasting blood was collected, and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF, cycle ergometer test), physical activity (PA, accelerometers), and blood pressure percentiles determined. Routine respiration (R) was measured by high-resolution respirometry (Oxygraph-2k) before platelets were permeabilized by digitonin. Thereafter, Complex I (CI) supported respiration was assayed in the leak (L), coupled (P) and uncoupled (CIE) states. Complex IV (CIV) activity was assayed as a marker of respiratory capacity. Flux control ratios (FCR) were calculated by dividing respiratory fluxes by CIV. Multiple linear regression analysis were used to model FCRs (dependent variables) with age, sex, race, CRF, PA, Body Mass Index (BMI) percentile, HOMA2-IR, systolic (SBP-P)/diastolic blood pressure percentiles (DBP-P), triglyceride status, and Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) status (status = high vs. normal) as dependent variables. Age, race, LDL status and the interaction between BMI percentiles with SBP-P were retained in the final regression models for R, L, P and CIE FCRs. Specifically, R and CI supported respiration in the L, P and CIE states decreased with age (p<.05), black race (p<.05), and high LDL- cholesterol status (p<.0001). To assess for the interaction between BMI and SBP-P, children were stratified as normal weight (NW) and overweight (OW = BMI =85th percentile) with high (=90th percentile) or normal SBP. FCRs did not differ between NW groups. However, FCRs where ~2 times higher in children with OW + high SBP compared to children with OW + normal SBP (p<0.05). Age, race, LDL cholesterol status, and systolic blood pressure are determinants of platelet bioenergetics in children. The effect of weight status on platelet mitochondria respiration is modified by SBP-P.