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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Tifton, Georgia » Crop Genetics and Breeding Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #382605
Research Project: Development of High-Yielding, High-Oleic Peanut Cultivars or Germplasm with Tolerance to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses

Location: Crop Genetics and Breeding Research

Title: Registration of three peanut allotetraploid interspecific hybrids resistant to late leaf spot disease and tomato spotted wilt

Author
item CHU, Y - University Of Georgia
item STALKER, H - University Of Georgia
item MARASIGAN, K - University Of Georgia
item LEVINSON, C - University Of Georgia
item GAO, D - University Of Georgia
item BERTIOLI, D - University Of Georgia
item LEAL-BERTIOLI, S.C.M. - University Of Georgia
item Holbrook, Carl - Corley
item JACKSON, S - University Of Georgia
item OZIAS-AKINS, P - University Of Georgia

Submitted to: Journal of Plant Registrations
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 2/26/2021
Publication Date: 8/20/2021
Citation: Chu, Y., Stalker, H.T., Marasigan, K., Levinson, C.M., Gao, D., Bertioli, D.J., Leal-Bertioli, S., Holbrook Jr, C.C., Jackson, S.A., Ozias-Akins, P. 2021. Registration of three peanut allotetraploid interspecific hybrids resistant to late leaf spot disease and tomato spotted wilt. Journal of Plant Registrations. 15:562–572. https://doi.org/10.1002/plr2.20146.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/plr2.20146

Interpretive Summary: Peanut is plagued by diseases and pests. Wild relatives of peanut harbor genes which confer strong resistance to disease and pest and adaptation to environmental stresses, traits which frequently cannot be found in the cultivated peanut species. Unfortunately, due to differences in numbers of chromosomes, the wild relatives are not cross compatible with the cultivated species. We crossed wild relatives and used a chemical treatment to double the chromosome of the resulting hybrids. These induced tetraploids are cross compatible with cultivated peanut, carry resistance to early and late leaf spot and root-knot nematode and are being used in breeding programs in the U.S. for the production of resistant peanut varieties.

Technical Abstract: Cultivated peanut has a narrow genetic base and is isolated from its wild relatives. This genetic bottleneck results in a lack of strong resistance to biotic and abiotic stress. However, high levels of genetic variation and resistance exist among the wild peanut relatives. In order to enlarge the genetic pool of cultivated peanut and introgress beneficial alleles from the wild peanut relatives, interspecific crosses were made among a set of selected diploid species. Upon colchicine treatment, fertile allotetraploids were recovered from three combinations of interspecific hybrids including (A. ipaensis KG 30076 x A. correntina GKP 9530)4x, (A. ipaensis KG 30076 x A. duranensis KGBSPSc 30060)4x, and (A. valida KG30011 x A. stenospermaV 10309)4x. These newly created allotetraploids are cross compatible with cultivated peanut. All of them demonstrated high levels of resistance to leaf spot diseases in the field. Tolerance to tomato spotted wilt virus was found in (A. valida KG30011 x A. stenospermaV 10309)4x. These genetic resources will provide the peanut breeding community with new sources of host resistance to protect peanut yield and improve its agronomic performance.