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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Tifton, Georgia » Crop Genetics and Breeding Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #383463
Research Project: Development of High-Yielding, High-Oleic Peanut Cultivars or Germplasm with Tolerance to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses

Location: Crop Genetics and Breeding Research

Title: Phenotypic variation of component traits affecting maturity in cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Author
item CHU, YE - University Of Georgia
item MONFERO MARASIGAN, KATHLEEN - University Of Georgia
item ARRAIS GUIMARAES, LARISSA - University Of Georgia
item Holbrook, Carl - Corley
item OZIAS-AKINS, PEGGY - University Of Georgia

Submitted to: Peanut Science
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 6/30/2021
Publication Date: 6/30/2022
Citation: Chu, Y., Monfero Marasigan, K., Arrais Guimaraes, L., Holbrook Jr, C.C., Ozias-Akins, P. 2022. Phenotypic variation of component traits affecting maturity in cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Peanut Science. 49:1-11. https://doi.org/10.3146/0095-3679-492-PS21-18.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3146/0095-3679-492-PS21-18

Interpretive Summary: Time-to-maturity is an important characteristic of peanut varieties. It is difficult to explore the genetic control of peanut maturity because the pods develop underground, and the crop is indeterminant. Dividing the total phenotype of time-to-maturity into component traits might facilitate the study of genes controlling maturity in peanut. In this study, component traits contributing to time-to-maturity including flowering on the main stem, flowering rate, flower-to-peg conversion ratio, internode length, distribution of reproductive and vegetative nodes, branching numbers, percentage of harvestable pods, and harvest index were quantified for six genetically diverse peanut genotypes. Statistically significant differences were detected for all measured traits among the tested genotypes. These genotypes are parental lines of four established recombinant inbred populations. Populations with contrasting parental phenotypic values could be used to further define the genetic control of these component traits of maturity in peanut.

Technical Abstract: Underground formation of fruit coupled with indeterminate growth habit makes peanut a difficult crop species to explore genetic control of time-to-maturity. Wide ranges of time-to-maturity exist among peanut cultigens and its is a complex trait likely controlled by many genes and influenced by the environment. Dividing the total phenotype of time-to-maturity into component traits might facilitate the dissection of genetic pathways controlling maturity in peanut. In this study, component traits contributing to time-to-maturity including flowering on the main stem, flowering rate, flower-to-peg conversion ratio, internode length, distribution of reproductive and vegetative nodes, branching numbers, percentage of harvestable pods, and harvest index were quantified for six genetically diverse peanut genotypes. Statistically significant differences were detected for all measured traits among the tested genotypes. These genotypes are parental lines of four established recombinant inbred populations. Populations with contrasting parental phenotypic values could be utilized for further QTL mapping of the relevant traits.