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Research Project: Impact of Maternal Influence and Early Dietary Factors on Child Growth, Development, and Metabolic Health

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Title: Mitochondrial physiology

Author
item CARVALHO, EUGENIA - Arkansas Children'S Nutrition Research Center (ACNC)
item PORTER, CRAIG - University Arkansas For Medical Sciences (UAMS)
item BORSHEIM, ELISABET - Arkansas Children'S Nutrition Research Center (ACNC)

Submitted to: Bioenergetics Communications
Publication Type: Review Article
Publication Acceptance Date: 5/20/2020
Publication Date: 5/20/2020
Citation: Gnaiger, E., MitoEAGLE Task Group. 2020. Mitochondrial physiology. Bioenergetics Communications. 2020.1. https://doi.org/10.26124/bec:2020-0001.v1.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.26124/bec:2020-0001.v1

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: As the knowledge base and importance of mitochondrial physiology to evolution, health and disease expands, the necessity for harmonizing the terminology concerning mitochondrial respiratory states and rates has become increasingly apparent. The chemiosmotic theory establishes the mechanism of energy transformation and coupling in oxidative phosphorylation. The unifying concept of the protonmotive force provides the framework for developing a consistent theoretical foundation of mitochondrial physiology and bioenergetics. We follow the latest SI guidelines and those of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) on terminology in physical chemistry, extended by considerations of open systems and thermodynamics of irreversible processes. The concept-driven constructive terminology incorporates the meaning of each quantity and aligns concepts and symbols with the nomenclature of classical bioenergetics. We endeavour to provide a balanced view of mitochondrial respiratory control and a critical discussion on reporting data of mitochondrial respiration in terms of metabolic flows and fluxes. Uniform standards for evaluation of respiratory states and rates will ultimately contribute o reproducibility between laboratories and thus support the development of data repositories of mitochondrial respiratory function in species, tissues, and cells. Clarity of concept and consistency of facilitate effective communication ultimately further nomenclature transdisciplinary education, and discovery.