Artificial diet development for entomophagous arthropods

Authors: Morales Ramos, Juan; Rojas, Maria - Guadalupe; Coudron, Thomas; HUYNH, MAN - University Of Missouri; ZOU, DEYU - Tianjin Academy Of Agricultural Sciences; Shelby, Kent

Submitted to: Mass Production of Beneficial Organisms: Invertebrates and Entomopathogens
Publication Type: Book / Chapter
Publication Acceptance Date: 9/10/2021
Publication Date: 9/26/2022
Citation: Morales Ramos, J.A., Rojas, M.G., Coudron, T.A., Huynh, M.P., Zou, D., Shelby, K. 2022. Artificial diet development for entomophagous arthropods. In: Morales-Ramos, J.A., Rojas, M.G., Shapiro-Ilan, D.I., editors. Mass Production of Beneficial Organisms: Invertebrates and Entomopathogens. 2nd edition. San Diego, CA: Academic Press. p.233-260.

Interpretive Summary: Artificial diets promised an economical way to mass produce entomophagous arthropods for augmentative biological control. Many decades later this promise has not been fulfilled and most of the commercial mass production of entomophagous arthropods is being done in-vivo. Although many successful artificial diets have been published, these diet formulations have not been developed to the level of commercial use. In some cases the resulting arthropods are of poor quality. In other cases the diet formulations are expensive to produce and not commercially viable. Alternatively, the methods to produce arthropods in-vitro are complicated and require too much labor for commercial application. In this chapter we propose that most of the published artificial diets have not been fully developed to their potential and represent a continuous work in progress. A proposed pathway for moving artificial diet development to commercial application is presented in this chapter; the pathway consists of 6 levels of advancement based on the magnitude of capabilities to produce arthropods. This chapter makes evident that the process of artificial diet development is a multidisciplinary enterprise which requires time, effort, and commitment and will benefit from industry and government support.

Technical Abstract: Artificial diets promised an economical way to mass produce entomophagous arthropods for augmentative biological control. Many decades later this promise has not been fulfilled and most of the commercial mass production of entomophagous arthropods is being done in-vivo. Although many successful artificial diets have been published, these diet formulations have not been developed to the level of commercial use. In some cases the resulting arthropods are of poor quality. In other cases the diet formulations are expensive to produce and not commercially viable. Alternatively, the methods to produce arthropods in-vitro are complicated and require too much labor for commercial application. In this chapter we propose that most of the published artificial diets have not been fully developed to their potential and represent a continuous work in progress. A proposed pathway for moving artificial diet development to commercial application is presented in this chapter; the pathway consists of 6 levels of advancement based on the magnitude of capabilities to produce arthropods. This chapter makes evident that the process of artificial diet development is a multidisciplinary enterprise which requires time, effort, and commitment and will benefit from industry and government support.