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ARS Home » Midwest Area » Ames, Iowa » National Animal Disease Center » Food Safety and Enteric Pathogens Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #390675
Research Project: Analysis of Genetic Factors that Increase Foodborne Pathogen Fitness, Virulence, and Antimicrobial Resistance Transfer, to Identify Interventions against Salmonella and Campylobacter in Food Animals

Location: Food Safety and Enteric Pathogens Research

Title: Low-path avian influenza infection induces distinct gene expression responses in vivo and in vitro in diverse chicken lines

Author
item Monson, Melissa
item LAMONT, SUSAN - Iowa State University

Submitted to: Plant and Animal Genome Conference
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 12/15/2021
Publication Date: N/A
Citation: N/A

Interpretive Summary: N/A

Technical Abstract: Avian influenza virus (AIV) poses a serious threat to poultry worldwide. Outbreaks of AIV can lead to dramatic losses for poultry producers; zoonotic infections also make AIV a human health risk. Strategies to improve chicken resistance to AIV are therefore needed. In vivo and in vitro characterizations of gene expression responses to low pathogenicity AIV (LPAIV) in a relatively resistant inbred line (Fayoumi) versus a relatively susceptible inbred line (Leghorn) were used to reveal immune mechanisms that contribute to the lines’ variable susceptibility. In the in vivo experiment, 3-week-old chickens were intranasally challenged with LPAIV H5N2 (A/Duck/CO/31573/2010) or PBS, and lung and spleen tissue samples were collected 24 hours post inoculation (hpi). In the in vitro experiments, primary lung cultures enriched for mononuclear cells were challenged with LPAIV or PBS and assayed at 4, 12 or 24 hpi. Viral load and expression of 19 immune-related genes were measured by qPCR for all experiments. Interferon response genes such as MX1, OASL and IFIT5 were significantly differentially expressed across multiple contrasts, whereas other immune genes and cytokines had basal genetic line differences, line-specific or tissue-specific responses to LPAIV in vivo, or line-specific or time-specific responses in vitro. Differential responses of immune genes in these inbred chicken lines provide targets for further investigation in commercial poultry to inform future vaccination or genetic selection strategies aiming to improve chicken disease resistance to AIV. Funding: USDA-NIFA Postdoctoral Fellowship 2019-67012-29723 (IOW05579), USDA-NIFA Animal Health project IOW05620, Hatch/Multistate Research project NC1170 (IOW05552).