A diet-dependent microbiota profile associated with incident type 2 diabetes: From the CORDIOPREV study

Authors: CAMARGO, ANTONIO - University Hospital Reina Sofia; VAIS-DELGADO, CRISTINA - University Hospital Reina Sofia; ALCALA-DIAZ, JUAN - University Hospital Reina Sofia; VALLASANTA-GONZALEZ, ALEJANDRO - University Hospital Reina Sofia; GOMEZ-DELGADO, FRANCISCO - University Hospital Reina Sofia; HARO, CARMEN - Spanish National Research Council; LEON-ACUNA, ANA - University Hospital Reina Sofia; CARDELO, MAGDALENA - University Hospital Reina Sofia; TORRES-PENA, JOSE - University Hospital Reina Sofia; GULER, IPEK - Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute Of Cordoba (IMIBIC); MALAGON, MARIA - Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute Of Cordoba (IMIBIC); ORDOVAS, JOSE - Jean Mayer Human Nutrition Research Center On Aging At Tufts University; PEREZ-MARTINEZ, PABLO - University Hospital Reina Sofia; DELGADO-LISTA, JAVIER - University Hospital Reina Sofia; LOPEZ-MIRANDA, JOSE - University Hospital Reina Sofia

Submitted to: Molecular Nutrition and Food Research
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 10/1/2020
Publication Date: 10/16/2020
Citation: Camargo, A., Vais-Delgado, C., Alcala-Diaz, J.F., Vallasanta-Gonzalez, A., Gomez-Delgado, F., Haro, C., Leon-Acuna, A., Cardelo, M.P., Torres-Pena, J.D., Guler, I., Malagon, M.M., Ordovas, J.M., Perez-Martinez, P., Delgado-Lista, J., Lopez-Miranda, J. 2020. A diet-dependent microbiota profile associated with incident type 2 diabetes: From the CORDIOPREV study. Molecular Nutrition and Food Research. 64(23):2000730. https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.202000730.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.202000730

Interpretive Summary: The composition of the gut bacteria, known as microbiota, is becoming a significant predictor of disease risk. In this research, scientists at the HNRCA in Boston, in collaboration with Spanish investigators, examined the differences between the gut microbiota of patients who developed type 2 diabetes (T2D) consuming a low-fat (LF) or a Mediterranean (Med) diet. This was investigated in all the patients from the CORDIOPREV study without T2D at the beginning of the study (n = 462). The analyses identified specific bacterial species associated with patients who developed T2D consuming LF and Med diets. In summary, these results suggest that different interactions between the microbiome and dietary patterns may partially determine the risk of T2D development, which may be used for selecting personalized dietary models to prevent T2D.

Technical Abstract: SCOPE: The differences between the baseline gut microbiota of patients who developed type 2 diabetes (T2D) consuming a low-fat (LF) or a Mediterranean (Med) diet are explored and risk scores are developed to predict the individual risk of developing T2D associated with the consumption of LF or Med diet. METHODS AND RESULTS: All the patients from the CORDIOPREV study without T2D at baseline (n = 462) whose fecal sample are available, are included. Gut microbiota is analyzed by 16S sequencing and the risk of T2D after a median follow-up of 60 months assessed by Cox analysis. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis shows a different baseline gut microbiota in patients who developed T2D consuming LF and Med diets. A higher abundance of Paraprevotella, and lower Gammaproteobacteria and B. uniformis are associated with T2D risk when an LF diet is consumed. In contrast, higher abundances of Saccharibacteria, Betaproteobacteria, and Prevotella are associated with T2D risk when a Med diet is consumed. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that different interactions between the microbiome and dietary patterns may partially determine the risk of T2D development, which may be used for selecting personalized dietary models to prevent T2D.