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ARS Home » Northeast Area » Beltsville, Maryland (BHNRC) » Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center » Food Components and Health Laboratory » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #395064
Title: Effects of different light-emitting diode illumination on bioactive compounds in mustard “Ruby Streak” microgreens by Ultra-high Performance Liquid Chromatography High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry

Author
item LIU, ZHIHAO - University Of Maryland
item TENG, ZI - University Of Maryland
item Pearlstein, Daniel
item Chen, Pei
item YU, LIANGLI - University Of Maryland
item Zhou, Bin
item Luo, Yaguang - Sunny
item Sun, Jianghao

Submitted to: ACS Food Science and Technology
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 8/10/2022
Publication Date: 9/16/2022
Citation: Liu, Z., Teng, Z., Pearlstein, D.J., Chen, P., Yu, L., Zhou, B., Luo, Y., Sun, J. 2022. Effects of different light-emitting diode illumination on bioactive compounds in mustard “Ruby Streak” microgreens by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry. ACS Food Science and Technology. 2(9):1483–1494. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsfoodscitech.2c00193.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsfoodscitech.2c00193

Interpretive Summary: "Ruby streak" is known to be the cultivar of mustard and was found to perform excellent nutritional value. Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) has been increasingly used for improving the content of health-promoting bio-active compounds in microgreen production. The present research aimed to investigate the influence of LED lights on the nutritional profiles of ruby streak micogreens. The findings will disclose valuable information for the knowledge of health-promoting properties of mustard ruby steak microgreens and provide scientific basis that LED technology used as an effective light source for indoor production of microgreens.

Technical Abstract: Mustard (Brassica juncea var. “Ruby Streaks”) is a popular microgreen species and has excellent antioxidant capacity. Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have been increasingly used to promote the content of bioactive compounds in commercially grown plants, particularly in controlled environment agriculture (CEA) settings. The present research aimed to investigate the effect of LED light wavelengths on the phytochemical profiles of the major secondary metabolites (i.e., anthocyanins, non-anthocyanin phenolics, and glucosinolates (GSLs)) of mustard “Ruby Streak” microgreens. Twenty-six anthocyanins, 35 non-anthocyanin-phenolics and 6 GSLs were characterized in mustard “Ruby Streak” extracts. Among them, three hydroxycinnamic acid acylated Cyanidin 3-O-sophoroside-5-O-diglucosides and eight hydroxycinnamic acid acylated flavonol-O-pentosylglucoside were considered as newly discovered compounds. Three light treatments were investigated and compared to the white (2700k) control; the red (660 nm) light and magenta (450 nm+ 650 nm) light promoted the accumulation of both total and individual anthocyanin/aliphatic GLs, while blue (450 nm) light was found to be the dominant factor in the accumulation of non-anthocyanin phenolics. The results suggested the significant and complex effect of lighting conditions on phytochemical accumulation in microgreens, and thus the potential of modulating nutritional profiles by varying wavelength of the light source.