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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Griffin, Georgia » Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #395071
Research Project: Conservation, Characterization, Evaluation, and Distribution of Grain, Oilseed, Vegetable, Subtropical and Tropical Legume, and Warm Season Grass Genetic Resources and Associated Information

Location: Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit

Title: Evaluation of the entire USDA Cultivated Peanut Germplasm Collection

Author
item Wang, Ming
item Tonnis, Brandon
item CHEN, CHARLES - AUBURN UNIVERSITY
item Pinnow, David
item Tallury, Shyamalrau - Shyam
item Stigura, Nicholas
item PEDERSON, GARY
item Harrison, Melanie

Submitted to: ASA-CSSA-SSSA Annual Meeting Abstracts
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 6/6/2022
Publication Date: 11/7/2022
Citation: Wang, M.L., Tonnis, B.D., Chen, C., Pinnow, D.L., Tallury, S.P., Stigura, N.E., Pederson, G.A., Harrison, M.L. 2022. Evaluation of the entire USDA Cultivated Peanut Germplasm Collection. ASA-CSSA-SSSA Annual Meeting Abstracts. 77:2.

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: To explore the natural genetic variability of the USDA cultivated peanut germplasm collection, different representing subsets (mini-core and core collections) had been evaluated using morphological observation, chemical analysis, and genetic analysis or combined, respectively. However, due to the large number of accessions, the entire USDA cultivated peanut germplasm collection was never evaluated. We evaluated the entire collection by chemical analysis of several seed quality traits including seed coat color, 100-seed weight, oil content, and fatty acid composition. Significant variation in seed coat color was observed from white to dark purple. The mean of 100-seed weight was 49.44 g with a wide range of 21.84 – 148.36 g (6.8-fold difference). The mean of oil content was 48.94% with a range of 36.51 – 59.45% (1.6-fold difference). The mean of oleic acid was 45.2% with a wide range of 39.99 – 82.08% (2.1-fold difference). The mean of linoleic acid was 32.56% with a wide range of 2.0 – 46.68% (23.3-fold difference). Significant variation in these traits was also identified between subspecies and among botanical varieties. Some unique accessions were identified. These accessions may be useful for peanut breeders and geneticists. The results obtained in this study will help us to further characterize and utilize the collection more efficiently.