An altered microbiota pattern precedes Type 2 diabetes mellitus development: From the CORDIOPREV study

Authors: VALS-DELGADO, CRISTINA - University Hospital Reina Sofia; ALCALA-DIAZ, JUAN - University Hospital Reina Sofia; MOLINA-ABRIL, HELENA - University Of Seville; RONCERO-RAMOS, IRENE - University Hospital Reina Sofia; CASPERS, MARTIEN - University Of Seville; SCHUREN, FRANK - The Netherlands Organisation For Applied Scientific Research (TNO); VAN DEN BROEK, TIM - University Of Seville; LUQUE, RAUL - University Of Cordova (UCO), Spain; PEREZ-MARTINEZ, PABLO - University Hospital Reina Sofia; KATSIKI, NIKI - American Hellenic Educational Progressive Association - Ahepa; DELGADO-LISTA, JAVIER - University Hospital Reina Sofia; ORDOVAS, JOSE - Jean Mayer Human Nutrition Research Center On Aging At Tufts University; VAN OMMEN, BEN - University Of Seville; CAMARGO, ANTONIO - University Of Reina Sofia; LOPEZ-MIRANDA, JOSE - University Hospital Reina Sofia

Submitted to: Journal of Advanced Research
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 5/9/2021
Publication Date: 5/13/2021
Citation: Vals-Delgado, C., Alcala-Diaz, J.F., Molina-Abril, H., Roncero-Ramos, I., Caspers, M.P., Schuren, F.H., Van Den Broek, T.J., Luque, R.M., Perez-Martinez, P., Katsiki, N., Delgado-Lista, J., Ordovas, J., Van Ommen, B., Camargo, A., Lopez-Miranda, J. 2021. An altered microbiota pattern precedes Type 2 diabetes mellitus development: From the CORDIOPREV study. Journal of Advanced Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2021.05.001.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2021.05.001

Interpretive Summary: The composition and function of the gut microbiota have been linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Investigators at the HNRCA in Boston, in collaboration with Spanish investigators, aimed to evaluate whether gut microbiota composition and clinical biomarkers could improve the prediction of new incident cases of T2DM in patients with coronary heart disease participating in the CORDIOPREV dietary intervention. Our results suggest that a specific microbiota fingerprint may be helpful to predict T2DM development. Therefore, a predictive model integrating microbiome and clinical data could help improve the prediction of T2DM and the implementation of appropriate nutritional recommendations.

Technical Abstract: INTRODUCTION: A distinctive gut microbiome have been linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). OBJECTIVES: We aimed to evaluate whether gut microbiota composition, in addition to clinical biomarkers, could improve the prediction of new incident cases of diabetes in patients with coronary heart disease. METHODS: All the patients from the CORDIOPREV (Clinical Trials.gov.Identifier: NCT00924937) study without T2DM at baseline were included (n = 462). Overall, 107 patients developed it after a median of 60 months. The gut microbiota composition was determined by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and predictive models were created using hold-out method. RESULTS: A gut microbiota profile associated with T2DM development was determined through a microbiome-based predictive model. The addition of microbiome data to clinical parameters (variables included in FINDRISC risk score and the diabetes risk score of the American Diabetes Association, HDL, triglycerides and HbA1c) improved the prediction increasing the area under the curve from 0.632 to 0.946. Furthermore, a microbiome-based risk score including the ten most discriminant genera, was associated with the probability of develop T2DM. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that a microbiota profile is associated to the T2DM development. An integrate predictive model of microbiome and clinical data that can improve the prediction of T2DM is also proposed, if is validated in independent populations to prevent this disease.