Skip to main content
ARS Home » Plains Area » Houston, Texas » Children's Nutrition Research Center » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #396216
Research Project: Metabolic and Epigenetic Regulation of Nutritional Metabolism

Location: Children's Nutrition Research Center

Title: The duration, frequency, and volume of exclusive human milk and/or infant formula consumption and overweight and obesity: A systematic review

Author
item DEWEY, KATHRYN - University Of California, Davis
item BAZZANO, LYDIA - Tulane University
item DAVIS, TERESA - Children'S Nutrition Research Center (CNRC)
item DONOVAN, SHARON - University Of Illinois
item TAVERAS, ELSIE - Harvard Medical School
item KLEINMAN, RONALD - Harvard Medical School

Submitted to: Government Publication/Report
Publication Type: Review Article
Publication Acceptance Date: 7/15/2020
Publication Date: 7/15/2020
Citation: Dewey, K., Bazzano, L., Davis, T., Donovan, S., Taveras, E., Kleinman, R. 2020. The duration, frequency, and volume of exclusive human milk and/or infant formula consumption and overweight and obesity: A systematic review. Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee Project. https://doi.org/10.52570/NESR.DGAC2020.SR0301.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52570/NESR.DGAC2020.SR0301

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: Moderate evidence from observational studies indicates that ever, compared with never, consuming human milk is associated with lower risk of overweight and obesity at age 2 years and older, particularly if the duration of human milk consumption is 6 months or longer. Insufficient evidence is available to determine the relationship between the duration of any human milk consumption, among infants fed human milk, and overweight and obesity at age 2 years and older; the available evidence was inconsistent. Insufficient evidence is available to determine the relationship between the duration of exclusive human milk consumption before the introduction of infant formula and overweight and obesity at age 2 years and older. No evidence is available to determine the relationship between the intensity, proportion, or amount of human milk consumed by mixed-fed infants and overweight and obesity at age 2 years and older. No evidence is available to determine the relationship between the intensity, proportion, or amount of human milk consumed at the breast vs by bottle in infants fed human milk as their only source of milk and overweight and obesity at age 2 years and older. No evidence is available to determine the relationship between consuming human milk or infant formula (i.e., a single substance) vs human milk and infant formula (i.e., both substances, e.g., "topping up") during a single feeding session and overweight and obesity at age 2 years and older.