Common bean genetics, breeding, and genomics for adaptation to biotic stress conditions

Authors: DE RON, ANTONIO - Spanish National Research Council; RODINO, PAULA - Spanish National Research Council; GIOIA, TANIA - Universita Basilicata; BREZEANU, CREOLA - Ministry Of Agriculture, Forestry And Rural Development; BURZO, IONA - Ministry Of Agriculture, Forestry And Rural Development; VAN RENSBURG, BELINDA - Agricultural Research Council Of South Africa; Pastor Corrales, Marcial; NAY, MICHELLE - Agroscope; FOURIE, DEIDRE - Agricultural Research Council Of South Africa; NKHATA, W - University Of Kwazulu-Natal; SHIMELIS, H - University Of Kwazulu-Natal; SOLBERG, SVEIN - University Of Norway; LOGOZZO, GIUSEPPINA - University Of Basilicata; STEFANIA, MARZARIO - University Of Basilicata; GONCALVES-VIDGAL, M - Universidade Estadual De Maringá; VAZ-BISNETA, MARIANA - Universidade Estadual De Maringá; VALENTINI, GISELI - Oak Ridge Institute For Science And Education (ORISE); GALVIN, MARTA - Consejo Nacional De Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas(CONICET); ABAN, CARLA - Consejo Nacional De Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas(CONICET); BREZEANU, MARIAM - Ministry Of Agriculture, Forestry And Rural Development

Submitted to: Book Chapter
Publication Type: Book / Chapter
Publication Acceptance Date: 4/25/2021
Publication Date: 3/20/2023
Citation: De Ron, A., Rodino, P., Gioia, T., Brezeanu, C., Burzo, I., Van Rensburg, B.J., Pastor Corrales, M.A., Nay, M., Fourie, D., Nkhata, W., Shimelis, H., Solberg, S., Logozzo, G., Stefania, M., Goncalves-Vidgal, M., Vaz-Bisneta, M., Valentini, G., Galvin, M., Aban, C., Brezeanu, M. 2023. Common bean genetics, breeding, and genomics for adaptation to biotic stress conditions. Book Chapter. p. 1-116. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91043-3.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91043-3

Interpretive Summary: There is a need to increase food production to feed the expanding human population. A key factor to achieve sustainable food production is the development of crops with genetic resistance to diseases, pests, and weeds that reduce yields. The common bean, which includes dry and snap beans, is a major human food and a most important source of protein, fiber, vitamins, complex, carbohydrates, vitamins, and other nutrients to millions of people, especially in countries of Latin America and Africa. Genetic improvement of the common bean requires a thorough knowledge of its genetic diversity, breeding tools, and newer technologies, such as genomics, that can be used to develop common bean varieties with improved resistance to pathogens, pests, and with the capacity to adapt to various biotic conditions. A thorough knowledge of the common bean genetic diversity and of the conventional and newer breeding tools, such as genomics, is necessary to develop common bean varieties combining high yields and enhanced resistance to pathogens, particularly to those that cause the rust, anthracnose, angular leaf spot diseases that continuously produce new virulent strains. This publication provides a comprehensive review of the biotic stresses of the common bean crop and of the genomic and related tools that can be used for the effective and sustainable improvement of common bean varieties with enhanced production in different agrosystems.

Technical Abstract: Sustainable Development Goal 2 from the United Nations (Zero Hunger) states that there is a pressing need for increasing food production and quality through sustainable agricultural practices to feed the ever-growing human population. One of the key aspects to achieve a sustainable food production is to control plant pests, diseases and weeds through integrated crop management which mainly aims at reducing the widespread use of phytochemicals due to their persistence in the air, soil, water and food, as well as the development of biotic stress such as parasite resistance. Legume crops plants are, after cereals, the main source of food for the world population. These plants provide proteins, carbohydrates, minerals, vitamins, oils, fiber and other compounds of high nutraceutical value and beneficial properties for human health. The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is the most widely used food legume for direct human consumption, and is present in regional, national and international marketson all continents by small farmers and large producers, with both green pods and dried seeds being marketed. Like other crops, beans need to adapt to changing conditions, in the current conditions of climate change. These conditions are producing new situations of abiotic and biotic stresses (mainly pests and diseases).Genetic improvement of the common bean includes the knowledge of its genetic diversity and the genome and gene function in response to the current changing environmental conditions. An important long-term challenge is the knowledge of the gene(s) that control relevant traits such as pest and disease tolerance/resistance that affects the crop yield and food security. New technologies built around the recently released common bean genome sequence that facilitates the arise of genomic resources, but they need the support of phenotypic data. Generating new bean cultivars or genotypes with enhanced resistance to different parasitesand new knowledge on possible innovative control methods are relevant for the improvement of a sustainable productivity of bean and its quality in different agrosystems.