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ARS Home » Midwest Area » Ames, Iowa » National Animal Disease Center » Ruminant Diseases and Immunology Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #399628
Research Project: Intervention Strategies to Prevent and Control Viral Respiratory Pathogens of Ruminants

Location: Ruminant Diseases and Immunology Research

Title: Multivariate analysis reveals that BVDV field isolates do not show a close VN-based antigenic relationship to US vaccine strains

Author
item MOSENA, ANA C. - Federal University Of Rio Grande Do Sul
item Ma, Hao
item Casas, Eduardo
item Dassanayake, Rohana
item CANAL, CLAUDIO - Federal University Of Rio Grande Do Sul
item FALKENBERG, SHOLLIE - Auburn University

Submitted to: BMC Research Notes
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 6/20/2023
Publication Date: 6/26/2023
Citation: Mosena, A.S., Ma, H., Casas, E., Dassanayake, R.P., Canal, C., Falkenberg, S.M. 2023. Multivariate analysis reveals that BVDV field isolates do not show a close VN-based antigenic relationship to US vaccine strains. BMC Research Notes. 16(1):121. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-023-06410-2.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-023-06410-2

Interpretive Summary: Providing protection against bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is challenging due to the ability of BVDV to infect the fetus, and the increased level of protection needed to protect the fetus. Typically, virus neutralization (VN) assay and the subsequent VN titer (VNT) is used determine antigenic differences among BVDV isolates, but interpretation of the data can be difficult. Interpretation of the data currently relies on comparison or VNT values among each isolate and interpretation of what the different values mean. Two datasets were used to evaluated bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) antigenicity by using VNT. The objective of this study was to combine both data sets and provide a comprehensive antigenic analysis. Results from this study supports that genetic assignment of BVDV in subgenotypes, or strains within subgenotypes is not representative of antigenic relatedness.

Technical Abstract: In previous studies, two datasets were used to evaluated bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) antigenicity by using virus neutralization titers (VNT) analyzed using the principal component analysis (PCA). The two datasets consisted of neutralizing titers of antisera generated against US based vaccine strains against both US origin field isolates and non-US based field isolates. Data from both analyses demonstrated that a number of both US and non-US BVDV field isolates appear to be antigenically divergent from the US vaccine strains. Given that both analyses were conducted independently, the objective of this analysis was to analyze all previous isolates to provide a more detailed and robust antigenic analysis. Results from this analysis provided greater insight into the antigenic diversity observed among BVDV isolates. Data from this study further supports that genetic assignment into BVDV subgenotypes, as well as strains within subgenotypes is not representative of antigenic relatedness. PCA analysis highlights isolates that are antigenically divergent from members of the same species and subgenotype and conversely isolates that belong to different subgenotypes have similar antigenic characteristics when using antisera from vaccine isolates.