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ARS Home » Midwest Area » Ames, Iowa » National Animal Disease Center » Virus and Prion Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #399831
Research Project: Intervention Strategies to Control Endemic and New Emerging and Re-Emerging Viral Diseases of Swine

Location: Virus and Prion Research

Title: Experimental Senecavirus A infection of bovine cell lines and colostrum-deprived calves

Author
item Buckley, Alexandra
item CRAWFORD, LAUREN - Oak Ridge Institute For Science And Education (ORISE)
item HOFFMAN, KYLE - Oak Ridge Institute For Science And Education (ORISE)
item FALKENBERG, SHOLLIE - Auburn University

Submitted to: Viruses
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 12/14/2022
Publication Date: 12/16/2022
Citation: Devries, A.C., Crawford, L., Hoffman, K., Falkenberg, S. 2022. Experimental Senecavirus A infection of bovine cell lines and colostrum-deprived calves. Viruses. 14(12):Article 2809. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14122809.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/v14122809

Interpretive Summary: Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) can cause blisters and sores on the feet and mouths of cloven-footed animals including cattle and swine and is highly contagious. It is on the World Organisation for Animal Health’s list of reportable diseases. There would be significant economic repercussions if FMD were to be diagnosed in the United States (US), since it currently is not found in the US. Recently, it was reported that buffalo experiencing clinical symptoms similar to FMD including mouth ulcers and lameness in Guangdong, China tested positive for Senecavirus A (SVA). SVA is a causative agent for vesicular disease in swine, which is clinically indistinguishable from FMD. The objective of this study was to determine the susceptibility of cattle (Bos taurus) to SVA infection. Initial work demonstrated that bovine cell lines were susceptible to SVA infection. Subsequently, six colostrum-deprived Holstein calves were challenged with SVA intranasally. No vesicular lesions were observed after challenge. Serum, oral, nasal, and rectal swabs tested for SVA nucleic acid did not support significant viral replication and there was no evidence of seroconversion. Since SVA causes vesicular lesions that are grossly identical to FMD, diagnostics must be performed to rule out FMD, which could create a burden to the cattle industry if SVA could replicate and cause disease in cattle. Based on this work, cattle are likely not susceptible to SVA, thus not a significant concern for the cattle industry.

Technical Abstract: Senecavirus A (SVA) is a causative agent for vesicular disease in swine, which is clinically indistinguishable from other vesicular diseases of swine including foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). Recently, it was reported that buffalo experiencing clinical symptoms similar to FMD including mouth ulcers and lameness in Guangdong, China tested positive for SVA. The objective of this study was to determine the susceptibility of cattle (Bos taurus) to SVA infection. Initial in vitro work using the PrimeFlow assay demonstrated that bovine cell lines and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were susceptible to SVA infection. Subsequently, six colostrum-deprived Holstein calves were challenged with SVA intranasally. No vesicular lesions were observed after challenge. Serum, oral, nasal, and rectal swabs tested for SVA nucleic acid did not support significant viral replication and there was no evidence of seroconversion.