Diversity, distribution, and phylogeny of stable flies (Stomoxys sp.)

Authors: DUVALLET, GERARD - University Of Montpellier; Hogsette, Jerome - Jerry

Submitted to: Diversity
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 4/27/2023
Publication Date: 4/28/2023
Citation: Duvallet, G., Hogsette, Jr, J.A. 2023. Diversity, distribution, and phylogeny of stable flies (Stomoxys sp.). Diversity. 15:600. https://doi.org/10.3390/d15050600.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/d15050600

Interpretive Summary: The subfamily Stomoxyinae currently consists of 18 recognized Stomoxys species plus 2 subspecies. When grouped by ecological diversity, 7 species are synanthropic to some degree and benefit particularly from animal production. Eleven species are dependent on wildlife to some degree for their development, and little is known about their biology in many cases. Global distributions include one cosmopolitan species (S. calcitrans), 12 species found only in Africa, 4 species found only in Asia, and one species (S. sitiens) found in both Africa and Asia. Little genetic variation found in North America possibly because of gene flow from the adults’ long range flight capability. Phylogeographic analysis of S. calcitrans showed a differentiation between Oriental populations (first lineage) and populations from Afrotropical, Palearctic, Nearctic, Neotropical and Oceanian Regions (second lineage). Sequencing of the Stomoxys calcitrans genome allows for better fly management opportunities. Phylogenetic studies of the Stomoxys genus using 10 of the known species produced phylogenetic relationships among species.

Technical Abstract: The subfamily Stomoxyinae currently consists of 18 recognized Stomoxys species plus 2 subspecies. When grouped by ecological diversity, 7 species are synanthropic to some degree and benefit particularly from animal production. Eleven species are dependent on wildlife to some degree for their development, and little is known about their biology in many cases. Global distributions include one cosmopolitan species (S. calcitrans), 12 species found only in Africa, 4 species found only in Asia, and one species (S. sitiens) found in both Africa and Asia. Little genetic variation found in North America possibly because of gene flow from the adults’ long range flight capability. Phylogeographic analysis of S. calcitrans showed a differentiation between Oriental populations (first lineage) and populations from Afrotropical, Palearctic, Nearctic, Neotropical and Oceanian Regions (second lineage). Sequencing of the Stomoxys calcitrans genome allows for better fly management opportunities. Phylogenetic studies of the Stomoxys genus using 10 of the known species produced phylogenetic relationships among species.