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ARS Home » Plains Area » Lubbock, Texas » Cropping Systems Research Laboratory » Livestock Issues Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #404108
Research Project: Environmental and Management Influences on Animal Productivity and Well-Being Phenotypes

Location: Livestock Issues Research

Title: Principal component analysis of measures of meat quality related with incidence of Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD)

Author
item BARKER, SAMANTHA - Texas Tech University
item LEGAKO, JERRAD - Texas Tech University
item HALES, KRISTIN - Texas Tech University
item LONG, NATHAN - Texas Tech University
item Carroll, Jeffery - Jeff Carroll
item Sanchez, Nicole
item Broadway, Paul

Submitted to: Meat and Muscle Biology
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 5/16/2023
Publication Date: 6/25/2023
Citation: Barker, S.N., Legako, J.F., Hales, K.E., Long, N.L., Carroll, J.A., Sanchez, N.C., Broadway, P.R. 2023. Principal component analysis of measures of meat quality related with incidence of Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD). Meat and Muscle Biology.

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate if cattle experiencing a varied number of treatments for Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) is related to variation in post-harvest beef quality. Cattle (n = 72) were selected for this study based on number of metaphylactic treatments received in response to BRD (0, 1, or 2 treatments; n = 24 per treatment). On d 246 in the feedlot, cattle were shipped and processed at a commercial abattoir. At 48 h postmortem, striploins from steers were collected and further sectioned into quarters where they were randomly assigned to aging treatments (7, 14, 21, 28 d). Following assigned aging treatments, 3 steaks were cut from quarters aged 7, 21, and 28 d. Quarters aged 14d 5 steaks, with the additional 2 being assigned to retail display. Retail display steaks were packaged in overwrap and displayed in coffin-style cases to be evaluated every 12 h for redness and % discoloration by trained panelists for 6 d. Oxymyoglobin (OMb) and metmyoglobin (MMb) were determined by Hunter MiniScan for 0 and 6 d of retail display. Slice sheer force (SSF) was evaluated on steaks representing every carcass and aging point. A principal component analysis (PCA) was performed using R statistical software. Meat quality attributes for color stability (Redness, % discoloration, MMb, and OMb at 0 and 6 d of display) and SSF values at 7, 14, 21, and 28 d, as well as marbling scores of carcasses were included in the model. Results of the PCA explained 100% of the variation, with 86.3% of the variation explained by PC1 and 13.7% explained by PC2. PC1 separated cattle treated 1 and 2 times from those never treated. Cattle treated 2 times were associated with darker red steaks, and an increased percentage of discoloration at 0 and 6 d of display. Cattle treated twice were also associated with increased percent MMb at d 6 of display. Further, samples from cattle treated twice showed increased SSF values at 14 d of age, suggesting less tender samples from those animals at that timepoint. Cattle who were never treated for BRD were more closely associated with increased marbling scores. An increase in MMb percentage at d 0, as well as SSF values at 7 and 21 d were also associated with 0 treatments, but these attributes loaded less heavily on the component. Cattle treated 1 time for BRD showed the fewest relationships with meat quality attributes measured; however, these samples were associated with increased percentages of OMb at d 0, as well as increased SSF values at d 28. These data suggest that the number of treatments received for BRD may be related to meat color. Moreover, these data further suggest that increased BRD treatment may have a detrimental effect on the color stability of beef. Additionally, this data does not reveal a clear relationship between SSF values and number of BRD treatment.