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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Tifton, Georgia » Crop Genetics and Breeding Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #404535
Research Project: Development of High-Yielding, High-Oleic Peanut Cultivars or Germplasm with Tolerance to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses

Location: Crop Genetics and Breeding Research

Title: The roles of net photosynthesis rate and transpiration efficiency on economic yield of Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) genotypes under different drought durations during the terminal growth stages

Author
item CHAIMALA, A - Khon Kaen University
item JOGLOY, S - Khon Kaen University
item VORASOOT, N - Khon Kaen University
item Holbrook, Carl - Corley
item KVIEN, C - University Of Georgia

Submitted to: Agronomy
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 7/13/2023
Publication Date: 7/17/2023
Citation: Chaimala, A., Jogloy, S., Vorasoot, N., Holbrook Jr, C.C., Kvien, C.K. 2023. The roles of net photosynthesis rate and transpiration efficiency on economic yield of Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) genotypes under different drought durations during the terminal growth stages. Agronomy. 13(7). Article 1882. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13071882.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13071882

Interpretive Summary: Jerusalem artichoke is a perennial tuberous crop and can be produced in a wide range of growing conditions in many countries. Its tubers are rich in inulin with the potential for producing bioethanol, replacing fat or serving as a low-calorie sweetener. Studies on the influence of different drought durations are limited in Jerusalem artichoke. A two-year study using three drought durations and 6 genotypes was conducted. Two drought tolerant genotypes showed low reductions in tuber fresh weight under drought conditions. These genotypes could be superior parental lines for generating new varieties with high tuber yield productivity under drought stress.

Technical Abstract: Studies on the influence of different drought durations during the terminal growth stages on net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), transpiration efficiency (TE), and tuber fresh weight are limited in Jerusalem artichoke. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different drought durations during the terminal growth stages on Pn, Tr, TE, and tuber fresh weight in Jerusalem artichoke genotypes with different degrees of drought tolerance. A two-year field experiment was conducted using a split-plot design replicated four times. Three water levels: optimal conditions (SD0), short drought (SD1), and long-drought (SD2) durations during the terminal growth stages were arranged as main plots. Six genotypes (HEL 256, JA 37, HEL 253, JA 4, JA 60, and JA 125) were assigned as subplots. Different drought durations in SD1 and SD2 reduced Pn, Tr, and tuber fresh weight, while drought stress increased TE in all Jerusalem artichoke genotypes over SD0. Drought tolerant genotypes JA125 and JA4, having high Pn and medium TE, could improve tuber fresh weight production resulting from low reductions of tuber fresh weight under drought conditions. These genotypes could be superior parental lines for generating new progenies with high tuber yield productivity under drought stress. Importantly, SPAD chlorophyll meter reading (SCMR) and specific leaf area (SLA) could be used as physiological traits for indirect selection to improve Pn and drought tolerance in breeding programs for Jerusalem artichoke since Pn is positively correlated with SCMR (SD1 and SD2) and negatively correlated with SLA (SD1).