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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Stoneville, Mississippi » Crop Genetics Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #410660
Research Project: Breeding Stress Tolerant Soybeans, Regeneration and Evaluation of USDA Germplasm Collection,and Management of Uniform Soybean Trials

Location: Crop Genetics Research

Title: Characterizing seed composition and seed quality in heat tolerant soybean in the Southeast United States

Author
item Bellaloui, Nacer
item Smith, James - Rusty
item Ray, Jeffery - Jeff
item Mengistu, Alemu

Submitted to: Meeting Abstract
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 2/29/2024
Publication Date: N/A
Citation: N/A

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: High heat in the Early Soybean Production System (ESPS) is a major environmental stress factor, resulting in yield loss and poor seed quality, lowering the level of seed composition constituents (nutrients) in heat sensitive soybeans, lowering market grade, and reducing the quality of soymeal and oil. To our knowledge, there are no commercial soybean cultivars that are heat-tolerant with high levels of seed composition (seed protein, oil, and minerals) and quality components (reduced seed damage). Therefore, developing heat tolerant germplasm with high seed composition and quality is essential. The research was conducted at the USDA ARS Jamie Whitten Delta States Research Center at Stoneville, MS. The field trial was conducted using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from the cross DS25-1 (heat tolerant) x DT97-4290 (high yielder), planted in the field in 2018 and 2019. These RILs, segregating for tolerance to heat-induced seed damage, phenotyped for seed composition and seed quality (seed germination and seed damage) that may be related to heat tolerance. Results of seed composition constituents showed significant variability and distribution among the RILs and the parents. No significant seed damage, as measured by Federal Grain Inspection Service (FGIS), was noticed among the RILs or parents, as FGIS was recorded to be lower than 2%; FGIS includes grain damage due to multiple factors, including mold, heat, green seed, stink bug, and purple stain ( seed damage >2% would result in discounting of payments to producers). The release of heat-tolerant breeding lines in the future will be used by public and private breeders to develop improved cultivars which, when adopted by Mississippi producers, will be a valuable seed quality component, enabling producers to more effectively compete nationally and internationally in soybean markets. This presentation will discuss the physiological and genetic components of seed composition and seed quality.