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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Griffin, Georgia » Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #410906
Research Project: An Integrated Approach for Plant Genetic Resources Conservation, Characterization, Evaluation, Documentation, and Distribution

Location: Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit

Title: Effect of Genotype-by-Environment interaction on oil and oleic fatty acid contents of cultivated peanuts

Author
item ZHANG, HUI - South China Agricultural Univerisity
item YU, YAN - Auburn University
item Wang, Ming
item Dang, Phat
item CHEN, CHARLES - Auburn University

Submitted to: Horticulturae
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 11/23/2023
Publication Date: 11/27/2023
Citation: Zhang, H., Yu, Y., Wang, M.L., Dang, P.M., Chen, C. 2023. Effect of Genotype-by-Environment interaction on oil and oleic fatty acid contents of cultivated peanuts. Horticulturae. 9(12):1242. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9121272.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9121272

Interpretive Summary: Twenty-seven varieties and advanced breeding lines were tested in 2 locations for 3 years with 3 replications for measuring the oil and oleic fatty acid contents. Seeds were collected from the above experiment. Oil and oleic fatty acid contents were quantified using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and gas chromatography (GC), respectively. These lines were classified into four types by two DNA markers from genes for fatty acid desaturase which determine the ratio of oleic acid and linoleic acid. The results indicated that Alabama was the environment that better discriminated the lines tested during the year 2012. Eight promising selected genotypes #12, #15, ARSOKR, Brantley, GaHO, M04-149, M04-48, and SunO97R showed wide adaptation and high-oleic acids of 83.02%, 81.32%, 82.03%, 81.15%, 79.21%, 80.94%, 82.46%, and 82.18%, respectively. The results also indicated there were significant interaction effects between tested lines and locations for oleic fatty acid content. No correlation between oil content and genes for fatty acid desaturase was identified. The results from this study may be useful not only for peanut breeders, but also for food processors and product consumers to select suitable cultivars.

Technical Abstract: Twenty-seven genotypes of varieties and advanced breeding lines were grown in two locations in three years with three replications to estimate the effects of the genotype-by-environment interaction (G x E) on the oil and oleic fatty acid contents of cultivated peanuts. Oil and oleic fatty acid contents were quantified using NMR and GC, respectively. The tested lines were genotyped with functional SNP markers from the FAD2A and FAD2B genes using real-time PCR and classified into four genotypes. The results indicated that Alabama was the environment that better discriminated the test genotypes during the year 2012. Eight promising selected genotypes #12, #15, ARSOKR, Brantley, GaHO, M04-149, M04-48, and SunO97R showed wide adaptation and high-oleic acids of 83.02%, 81.32%, 82.03%, 81.15%, 79.21%, 80.94%, 82.46%, and 82.18%, respectively. The Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) model that combines the conventional analyses of variance for additive main effects with the principal component analysis (PCA) for the nonadditive residuals was applied to estimate the additive effects from FAD2A and FAD2B genes and the G x E interaction. The results indicated significant G x E interactions for oleic fatty acid contents. No correlation between oil content and FAD2A and FAD2B genes was found. The FAD2B gene had a larger additive effect than the FAD2A gene. The results from this study may be useful not only for peanut breeders, but also for food processors and product consumers to select suitable cultivars.