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ARS Home » Midwest Area » Madison, Wisconsin » U.S. Dairy Forage Research Center » Cell Wall Biology and Utilization Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #412013
Research Project: Developing Strategies to Improve Dairy Cow Performance and Nutrient Use Efficiency with Nutrition, Genetics, and Microbiology

Location: Cell Wall Biology and Utilization Research

Title: Metabolic responses to AA infused along different energy sources

Author
item KILLERBY, MARJORIE - University Of Wisconsin
item RUTH, KATHRYN - University Of Wisconsin
item LARSEN, ANNA - University Of Wisconsin
item COHAN, EMILY - University Of Wisconsin
item HOPPMANN, AUGUST - University Of Wisconsin
item DANES CAMARGO, MARINA - University Of Wisconsin
item Li, Wenli
item ARRIOLA APELO, SEBASTIAN - University Of Wisconsin

Submitted to: Ruminant Physiology International Symposium Proceedings
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 3/14/2024
Publication Date: 8/26/2024
Citation: Killerby, M., de Souza, G.M., Ruh, K., Larsen, A., Cohan, E., Hoppmann, A., Danes, M., Li, W., Ariolla Apelo, S.I. 2024. Metabolic responses to amino acids infused with different energy sources [abstract]. International Symposium on Ruminant Physiology. Paper No. 36.

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: We investigated the metabolic response of dairy cows to Ile, Leu, and Met (ILM) when supplemented along with glucose or acetate. Sixteen ruminally-cannulated, multiparous Holstein cows (70±26 DIM) were enrolled in a replicated 4x4 Latin square study with 21-d periods, and 4 treatments arranged as a 2x2 factorial. Isoenergetic (2.86 Mcal/d) amounts of glucose (GLU) or buffered acetate (ACE) plus ILM (12, 50, and 20 g/d, respectively) or control (CON; 0 g/d) were dissolved in water and continuously infused into the abomasum, except during milkings. A total mixed ration formulated to meet 96% of the energy and 84% of metabolizable protein requirements was fed 6x/d. Ten coccygeal blood samples were collected on d 17-19 of each period, staggered to represent hourly sampling. Mammary gland biopsies were performed on d 21 of each period (n=4) for RNAseq analysis. Averaged cow-period results were analyzed with a mixed model containing fixed effects of energy source (ES), AA, ESxAA interaction, square, period, and random effect of cow within square. Differentially expressed genes (P<0.05) of tissues were obtained using edgeR and pathway enrichment analysis was done with IPA (Qiagen). Plasma glucose and insulin were greater for GLU than ACE (71.5 vs 69.0 mg/dL and 0.58 vs 0.45 ug/L, respectively; P<0.001) but acetate (1.24 vs 0.85 mM) and non-esterified fatty acids (0.12 vs 0.08 mM) were greater for ACE than GLU (P<0.001). Insulin (+0.065 ug/L) and acetate (+0.29 mM) were also increased by ILM vs CON (P<0.004). Relative to CON, ILM increased plasma Ile to a greater extent for ACE than GLU (+52.4 vs +27.4 uM; ES×AAL: P=0.009). Plasma Met increased for ILM (46.8 vs 17.3 uM; P<0.001) and only Leu was affected by ES (123.2 uM for GLU vs 155.4 for ACE; P<0.001). Total essential AA (EAA) were lower for GLU vs ACE (-77) while non-EAA (-98) and total AA (-71 uM) were lower for ILM vs CON (P<0.008). Downregulation of genes related to lipid and ATP synthesis, and upregulation of cell structure, division, and migration signaling genes was observed for GLU vs ACE (P<0.05). Overall, our results suggest ES and AA effects on metabolism are driven by the anabolic effects of insulin.