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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Canal Point, Florida » Sugarcane Field Station » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #414209
Research Project: Developing Improved Sugarcane Cultivars using Conventional and Molecular Breeding

Location: Sugarcane Field Station

Title: Molecular cytogenetic characterization of the complex sugarcane cultivars

Author
item Momotaz, Aliya
item Kloos, Alyssa
item Coto Arbelo, Orlando
item Rouse, Matthew

Submitted to: American Society of Sugar Cane Technologists
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 6/1/2024
Publication Date: 6/27/2024
Citation: Momotaz, A., Kloos, A.L., Coto Arbelo, O., Rouse, M.N. 2024. Molecular cytogenetic characterization of the complex sugarcane cultivars. American Society of Sugar Cane Technologists. 87-1. https://doi.org/87(1):29/ASSCT June 20-22.

Interpretive Summary: N/A

Technical Abstract: Cultivated sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) has a complex and variable genome referred to as "Saccharum complex", presumably originating from interspecific hybridization between S. officinarum and S. spontaneum. Modern cultivars are high copy polyploids, often aneuploids, with chromosome numbers of 88 to 120. This study characterized the cytogenetics of five parental sugarcane clones (CP 00-1101, CP 01-2390, CP 06-2400, CP 06-2897 and CP 08-1533). The objective of this study was to estimate genome size, chromosome number and identify any correlation with fertility. Flow cytometry analysis revealed ranges of 2C-DNA values from 9.94 pg (CP 01-2390) to 11.18 pg (CP 00-1101). Using the chromosome preparation technique, CP 01-2390 and CP 06-2400 had the same chromosome number of 108. CP00-1101 and CP 06-2897 had 94 chromosomes whereas CP 08-1553 had 88. When genomic DNA (200-800 bp) from CP 00-1101 were used in genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), CP 06-2400 had the highest binding site signal followed by CP 01-2390, CP 06-2897 and CP 08-1553. Seed gemmation/ 1g, a measure of fertility, was found to be correlated with relative 2c DNA content (0.76), but chromosome number was negatively correlated (-0.63). Further studies in molecular cytogenetics of sugarcane cultivars may be elucidate parental origin, hybridity, and introgressions. This study is particularly interesting because it provides a preliminary insight into the role of cytogenetics in sugarcane cross fertility.