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Research Project: Novel Weed Management Tools from Natural Product-Based Discoveries

Location: Natural Products Utilization Research

Title: Streptomyces-secreted fluvirucin B6 as a potential bio-fungicide for managing banana fusarium wilt and mycotoxins and modulating the soil microbial community structure

Author
item CHEM, YUFENG - Chinese Academy Of Tropical Agricultural Sciences
item LI, XIAOJUAN - Chinese Academy Of Tropical Agricultural Sciences
item ZHOU, DENGBO - Chinese Academy Of Tropical Agricultural Sciences
item WEI, YONGZAN - Chinese Academy Of Tropical Agricultural Sciences
item FENG, JUNTING - Chinese Academy Of Tropical Agricultural Sciences
item CIA, BINGYU - Chinese Academy Of Tropical Agricultural Sciences
item QI, DENGFENG - Chinese Academy Of Tropical Agricultural Sciences
item ZHANG, MIAYI - Chinese Academy Of Tropical Agricultural Sciences
item ZHAO, YANKUN - Chinese Academy Of Tropical Agricultural Sciences
item LI, KAI - Chinese Academy Of Tropical Agricultural Sciences
item Pan, Zhiqiang - Peter
item WANG, WEI - Chinese Academy Of Tropical Agricultural Sciences
item XIE, JIANGHUI - Chinese Academy Of Tropical Agricultural Sciences

Submitted to: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 7/25/2024
Publication Date: 7/31/2024
Citation: Chem, Y., Li, X., Zhou, D., Wei, Y., Feng, J., Cia, B., Qi, D., Zhang, M., Zhao, Y., Li, K., Pan, Z., Wang, W., Xie, J. 2024. Streptomyces-secreted fluvirucin B6 as a potential bio-fungicide for managing banana fusarium wilt and mycotoxins and modulating the soil microbial community structure. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 72:17890-17902. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.4c04077.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.4c04077

Interpretive Summary: Banana Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc TR4) is the most destructive soil-borne fungal disease. Until now, there has been a lack of effective measures to control the disease. It is urgent to explore biocontrol agents to control Foc TR4 and the secretion of mycotoxin. In this study, fluvirucin B6 was screened from Streptomyces solisilvae using an activity-guided method. Fluvirucin B6 exhibited strong antifungal activity against Foc TR4 (0.084 mM of EC50 value) and significantly inhibited mycelial growth and spore germination. Further studies demonstrated that fluvirucin B6 could cause the functional loss of mitochondria, the disorder of metabolism of Foc TR4 cells, and the decrease of enzyme activities in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and electron transport chain, ultimately inhibiting mycotoxin metabolism. In a pot experiment, the application of fluvirucin B6 significantly decreased the incidence of banana Fusarium wilt and the amount of Foc TR4 and controlled fungal toxins in the soil. Additionally, fluvirucin B6 could positively regulate the changes in the structure of the banana rhizosphere microbial community, significantly enriching beneficial microbes associated with disease resistance. In summary, this study identifies fluvirucin B6, which plays versatile roles in managing fungal diseases and mycotoxins.

Technical Abstract: Banana Fusarium wilt is caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc TR4), which is the most destructive soil-borne fungal disease. Effective measures to control the disease have been lacking. Therefore, it is urgent to explore biocontrol agents to manage Foc TR4 and mycotoxin secretion. In this study, a strain Streptomyces solisilvae was identified. The strain was found to produce a bioactive compound called fluvirucin B6 using an activity-guided method. Fluvirucin B6 demonstrated strong antifungal activity against Foc by significantly inhibiting mycelial growth and spore germination. Metabolomics analysis indicated that fluvirucin B6 had the ability to reduce the production of fusaric acid, beauvericin, and fusarenone, the most toxic mycotoxins generated by Foc. Furthermore, fluvirucin B6 interfered with the mitochondria morphology in Foc cells and caused functional loss of mitochondria. The application of fluvirucin B6 led to a significant decrease in the incidence of banana Fusarium wilt and the amount of Foc TR4, effectively controlling fungal toxins in the soil. The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the potential utilization of fluvirucin B6 as a natural agrochemical fungicide to combat Foc and fusaric acid contamination, ensuring the safety of soil, bananas, and other agricultural products.