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ARS Home » Southeast Area » New Orleans, Louisiana » Southern Regional Research Center » Commodity Utilization Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #419718
Research Project: Development of Novel Cottonseed Products and Processes

Location: Commodity Utilization Research

Title: Cottonseed-derived ethanol extracts and gossypol regulate glucose transport gene expression in mouse macrophages

Author
item Cao, Heping
item Sethumadhavan, Kandan

Submitted to: Meeting Abstract
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 12/10/2024
Publication Date: N/A
Citation: N/A

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: Cottonseed is a byproduct of cotton fiber industry. Cottonseed contains bioactive compounds such as 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, flavonol glycosides, gallic acid, gossypol, peptides, and quercetin. These bioactive compounds from other plant sources have been used for disease prevention and treatment since ancient history. Therefore, cottonseed value may be increased by providing bioactive compounds for health promotion and disease prevention.The objective of this study was to explore the bioactivity of cottonseed-derived ethanol extracts and gossypol on the regulation of glucose transporter (Glut) gene expression in mouse macrophages. The selection of macrophages and Glut genes for this study was because macrophages are involved in insulin resistance and metabolic diseases and Glut proteins are critically important for host immunity due to facilitating glucose transport across the lipid membrane of the cell. Macrophages were treated with various concentrations of ethanol extracts or gossypol for different time followed by qPCR analysis of mRNA levels. As a first step towards gene expression comparison, we evaluated the relative basal mRNAs levels of Class I facilitative Gluts: Glut1, Glut2, Glut3 and Glut4 in the mouse RAW264.7 macrophages. Relative to Glut1 mRNA level using Rpl32 as the internal reference, Glut3 was more abundant than GLUT1 but GLUT4 was much less and GLUT2 was undetectable in the controlled macrophages treated with 1% DMSO. Cottonseed extracts had modest effects on Glut1 gene expression but gossypol stimulated it up to 6-fold. Similar effect was observed on Glut3 mRNA, but Glut4 mRNA levels were not affected by gossypol. This study demonstrate that cottonseed ethanol extracts have modest effect but gossypol has stronger effect on stimulating Glut gene expression and suggest that gossypol may have a strong effect on macrophage immunity.