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Submitted to: Journal of Comparative Pathology
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal Publication Acceptance Date: 1/10/1996 Publication Date: N/A Citation: N/A Interpretive Summary: Hemorrhagic septicemia (HS) is a bacterial disease that occurs primarily in livestock in South-East Asia, and fowl cholera (FC) is a bacterial disease that occurs worldwide in poultry. Both diseases are caused by Pasteurella multocida. The bacteria that cause HS are antigenically different from those that cause FC. Also, strains that cause HS do not produce FC, and strains that cause FC do not produce HS. The mouse is an animal susceptible to both HS and FC strains. A study was done to determine whether serums from animals vaccinated with a single strain of P. multocida would protect mice against all other strains. A vaccine of one strain, which was isolated from a deer with HS, was capable of producing serum that protected mice against a variety of strains that cause either HS or FC. The findings of this study identified a single strain for vaccine production which can be used by the livestock and poultry industries to reduce losses caused by P. multocida infections. Technical Abstract: Haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS) and fowl cholera (FC) are specific diseases caused by certain serotypes of Pasteurella multocida. Strains that usually cause HS in cattle and water buffalo do not produce FC in avian species, and strains that cause FC do not produce HS in cattle and water buffalo. A variety of P. multocida serotypes, including unusual strains which can cause HS in wild ruminants, were evaluated in passive immune protection studies to determine the immunological relationship between strains associated with HS and FC. Various degrees of cross-protection were seen among the strains. Antiserum against a serotype B:3,4 strain protected against strains capable of causing HS (serotypes B:1, B:2, B:3,4, B:4 and E:2) and FC (serotypes A:1, A:3, and A:5). Antiserum against a FC strain (serotype A:5) similarly protected against strains capable of causing HS and FC. Antigenic analyses indicated that cross-protection was not necessarily induced by serotype specific capsular (beta) or somatic (gamma antigens or major porin protein. SDS-PAGE and immunoblots of whole cell lysates of the different HS and FC strains showed many protein-staining bands with similar mobilities and antigenic activity. These cross-reactive antigenic bands occurred in the 20 to 120 kDa range. Adsorption of antiserum with a heterologous serotype removed its reactivity with most of these bands, as well as its ability to cross-protect. |
