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ARS Home » Plains Area » Houston, Texas » Children's Nutrition Research Center » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #67283
Title: PARENTERAL AND ENTERAL NUTRITION

Author
item SCHANLER, RICHARD - BAYLOR COLL OF MEDICINE
item BERSETH, CAROL - BAYLOR COLL OF MEDICINE
item ABRAMS, STEVEN - BAYLOR COLL OF MEDICINE

Submitted to: Book Chapter
Publication Type: Book / Chapter
Publication Acceptance Date: 1/10/1996
Publication Date: N/A
Citation: N/A

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: The chapter summarizes the nutritional needs of fullterm and low birth weight (LBW) preterm infants. The nutritional needs of the fullterm infant are described to indicate the importance of breastfeeding in the growth and development of the infant. A section on formulas for fullterm infants is included for comparison. The nutritional needs of the LBW preterm infant are detailed. The partition of energy needs for enteral and parenteral nutrition are provided. Detailed analysis of the rationale for initiation and monitoring of parenteral nutrition is given. Enteral nutrition is described as beginning with trophic small volume feedings and advancing to full milk feedings. The rationale for using human milk for LBW preterm infants considers the host defense benefits and the nutritional concerns. The use of human milk fortifiers is included. Additives for enteral feeding are described to supplement the energy needs of the slow growing infant. Nutritional assessment and discharge planning regarding nutritiona needs are included because of their importance in the management of the LBW preterm infant.