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ARS Home » Midwest Area » Columbia, Missouri » Plant Genetics Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #68063
Title: WHITE FOOD CORN: 1995 PERFORMANCE TEST

Author
item DARRAH, LARRY
item LUNDQUIST, R - ILLINOIS FOUNDATION SEEDS
item WEST, D - UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE
item PONELEIT, C - UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY
item ZEHR, B - PURDUE UNIVERSITY
item Barry, B
item MADDUX, L - KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY
item MARTIN, P - PIONEER HI-BRED INTL
item ZIEGLER, K - IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY
item TRAGESSER, S - ICI SEEDS

Submitted to: Missouri Special Report
Publication Type: Experiment Station
Publication Acceptance Date: 2/15/1996
Publication Date: N/A
Citation: N/A

Interpretive Summary: Seed producers, white corn millers, and farmers need agronomic performance data to select white seeded corn hybrids adapted for growing in specific regions in the United States. The national performance tests of white hybrids included germplasm in late and early maturity groups and was planted at 13 and 10 locations, respectively. Smaller seed companies benefited by having their products tested in a much wider area than could be accomplished by the company itself. In 1995, the late maturity test compared 54 white hybrids submitted by 21 producers and the early test included 66 white hybrids from 24 producers. Significant performance differences were found among the entries in both tests for yield and all agronomic traits measured. Kernel quality observations were made cooperatively with Texas A & M University and under contract with the Illinois Crop Improvement Association. These observations included the quality traits of test weight, kernel weight, kernel size, thins, density, percentage horneous endosperm, and pericarp removal. A report was published and distributed to the participating state experiment stations, seedsmen, and corn millers and processors.

Technical Abstract: The 1995 White Food Corn Performance Test included 54 white hybrids, one white and three yellow hybrid checks submitted by 21 seed producers. Thirteen locations were planted in the agronomic evaluation. Yields from individual locations ranged from 92.4 bu/a at Knoxville, TN, to 194.7 bu/a at College Station, TX. The overall average for 10 locations with acceptable data was 137.9 bu/a compared to 178.2 bu/a in 1994. Five white hybrids and one yellow check yielded significantly more than the mean for all entries (137.9 bu/a): Cargill X7510W (160.3 bu/a), the yellow check Pioneer Brand 3245 (160.0 bu/a), Cargill X7511W (156.5 bu/a), IFSI 94-3 (151.0 bu/a), Zimmerman Z64W (149.6 bu/a), and Sturdy Grow SG797W (149.3 bu/a). The widely grown yellow check Pioneer Brand 3394 yielded 148.6 bu/a. The 1995 Early White Food Corn Performance Test included 66 white hybrids and two yellow hybrid checks. Entries were submitted by 24 commercial seed producers. Ten locations were planted with nine of those being in the northern part of the Corn Belt. The average yield from eight northern locations with acceptable data was 133.3 bu/a compared to 180.0 bu/a in 1994 and 126.5 bu/a in 1993. Three white hybrids and one yellow check yielded significantly more than the mean of all entries (133.3 bu/a): Cargill X7513W (153.4 bu/a), Cargill X7512W (151.6 bu/a), the yellow check Pioneer Brand 3394 (147.7 bu/a), and Sturdy Grow SG765W (146.2 bu/a). Ten white hybrids and two yellow checks could not be statistically differentiated (yielded 140.5 bu/a or more) from Cargill X7513W. Target values for milling quality are a kernel weight of 37 g or more per 100 kernels, density equal to or exceeding 1.20 g/cc, and 90% or more horny endosperm.