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ARS Home » Midwest Area » Peoria, Illinois » National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research » Crop Bioprotection Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #76425
Title: IPM OF AFLATOXIN IN THE CORNBELT - INSECT ORIENTED - FY 1996 RESULTS

Author
item Dowd, Patrick
item Norton, Robert
item Richard, John
item Wicklow, Donald
item Bartelt, Robert
item McGuire, Michael
item Vega, Fernando
item PINGEL, R - BRADLEY UNIV, PEORIA, IL
item SHASHA, B - BRADLEY UNIV, PEORIA, IL
item SCOTT, G - USDA, ARS, CSRL, RETIRED

Submitted to: Aflatoxin Elimination Workshop Proceedings
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 10/29/1996
Publication Date: N/A
Citation: N/A

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: Both insect damage and ear mold were significantly reduced in a commercial corn hybrid expressing the Bt crystal protein compared to the corresponding non-Bt expressing hybrid. Protein-based insect resistance mechanisms include the fungal protein restrictocin, a corn kernel protein, and tobacco anionic peroxidase (which was studied in transgenic tobacco plants). Corn peroxidase isozymes associated with resistance to ear mold colonization were identified, and a CRADA was signed with Pioneer Hi-Bred to further study these enzymes. A new species of nematode that parasitizes the dusky sap beetle was described. Autoinoculator studies using an insect disease were performed and included reisolation and PCR typing of the pathogen strain released. Although corn flour encapsulated malathion (1%) was about half as effective as commercial chlorpyriphos granules (15%) in controlling visible European corn borers on leaves and stalks, control of these insect on ears was equivalent by the two materials, and significant reduction of ear molds was also noted. Licensing of the insect trap and autoinoculator invented by NCAUR scientists is proceeding. Interactive temperature and rainfall models for early season prediction of conditions that promote aflatoxin are under development.