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ARS Home » Midwest Area » Ames, Iowa » National Animal Disease Center » Virus and Prion Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #77017
Title: EFFICACY OF A KILLED VIRUS VACCINE CONTAINING BVDV II AGAINST CHALLENGE WITH A VIRULENT FIELD ISOLATE OF BVDV II

Author
item SMITH, H - FORT DODGE ANIM HEALTH
item HALL, V - FORT DODGE ANIM HEALTH
item WRIGHT, S - FORT DODGE ANIM HEALTH
item TRACY, E - FORT DODGE ANIM HEALTH
item MALLINGER, D - FORT DODGE ANIM HEALTH
item Bolin, Steven - Steve
item ACREE, W - FORT DODGE ANIM HEALTH
item CHU, H - FORT DODGE ANIM HEALTH

Submitted to: Research Workers in Animal Diseases Conference Proceedings
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 11/12/1996
Publication Date: N/A
Citation: N/A

Interpretive Summary:

Technical Abstract: Outbreaks of acute BVD have caused a high economic impact on the cattle industry. The BVDV from these outbreaks are genetically and serologically distinct from classical strains of BVDV. Two groups of BVDV have been termed Type I (e.g., BVDV Singer and NADL), and Type II (e.g., isolates from hemorrhagic syndrome outbreaks). Our purpose was to show that vaccination of cattle with a BVDV II strain protects against challenge wit a virulent field isolate of BVDV II. Four 6- to 15-month-old Holstein cattle, seronegative to BVDV, were administered 2 doses of a killed cytopathic BVDV II strain in a commercial adjuvanted diluent, three weeks apart. Nine control cattle of similar age and breed were not vaccinated. Blood was drawn for serological evaluation at the time of vaccination, and at 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks, and 3, 5, 6, and 8 months after second vaccination. By 7 days after the second vaccination the cattle had serum-n nlizing antibody responses of 1:645 to 1:2580 to the vaccine strain of BVDV II. The controls remained seronegative to BVDV. Five months after the second vaccination, 2 vaccinated cattle and 3 controls were challenged with approximately 10**6 CCID50 of virulent BVDV II. For 16 days following challenge, clinical signs (nasal and ocular secretions, diarrhea, depression, anorexia, petechial hemorrhages, and rectal temperature) were recorded and assigned scores. Blood was drawn daily for hematology and virus isolation. Vaccinated cattle had minimal clinical signs (total average score of 2) compared to the severe disease observed in unvaccinated controls (total average score of 81). Vaccination with BVDV II killed virus vaccine in a commercial adjuvant induced an immune response which protected cattle against a virulent strain of BVDV II.