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Title: PRODUCTION OF FUMONISIN B1 AND MONILIFORMIN BY GIBBERELLA FUJIKUROI FROM RICE FROM VARIOUS GEOGRAPHIC AREAS

Author
item Desjardins, Anne
item Plattner, Ronald
item NELSON, PAUL - PENN STATE UNIV,UNI PK PA

Submitted to: Journal of Applied & Environmental Microbiology
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 2/11/1997
Publication Date: N/A
Citation: N/A

Interpretive Summary: Fumonisins and moniliformin are toxic compounds produced by fungi frequently found on maize. This paper reports that these toxins are also produced by related fungi found on rice from the United States, Asia, and other areas of the world. This information should help breeders and food safety researchers focus on issues of contamination of rice used for human food.

Technical Abstract: Gibberella fujikuroi strains isolated from rice from the United States, Asia, and other geographic areas were tested for sexual fertility with members of mating population D and for production of fumonisin B1 and moniliformin in culture. Thirty-two of the 59 field strains tested (54%) were able to cross with tester strains of mating population D, but ascospores were few in number in most of these crosses. Thirty-four strains produced more than 10 ug/g of fumonisin B1, but only three strains produced more than 1000 ug/g. Twenty five strains produced more than 100 ug/g moniliformin, and 15 produced more than 1000 ug/g. Seven field strains produced both fumonisin B1 and moniliformin, but none of these strains produced a high (> 1000 ug/g) level of fumonisin B1. However, a genetic cross between a strain that produced fumonisin B1 but no moniliformin and a strain that produced moniliformin but no fumonisin B1 yielded progeny that produced high levels of both toxins. Production of fumonisins and moniliformin by strains of G. fujikuroi isolated from rice infected with bakanae disease is similar to that of strains of mating population D isolated from maize and suggests a potential for contamination of rice with both fumonisins and moniliformin.