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ARS Home » Midwest Area » Columbia, Missouri » Plant Genetics Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #78519
Title: YELLOW FOOD CORN: 1996 PERFORMANCE TESTS

Author
item Darrah, Larry
item ROONEY, L - TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY
item ALMEIDA-DOMINGUEZ, H - TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY
item BOCKHOLT, A - TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY
item Barry, B
item PONELEIT, C - UNIV OF KENTUCKY
item WEST, D - UNIV OF TENNESSEE
item ZEHR, B - PURDUE UNVERSITY
item HAMAKER, B - PURDUE UNIVERSITY
item LUNDQUIST, R - ILLINOIS FOUNDATION SEEDS

Submitted to: Yellow Food Corn Performance Tests
Publication Type: Experiment Station
Publication Acceptance Date: 2/10/1997
Publication Date: N/A
Citation: N/A

Interpretive Summary: Seed producers, yellow food corn processors, and farmers need agronomic performance data to select yellow seeded corn hybrids adapted for growing in specific regions in the United States. The national performance tests of yellow hybrids included germplasm in late and early maturity groups and was planted at seven locations for each test. Smaller seed companies benefitted by having their products tested in a much wider area than could be accomplished by the company itself. In 1996, the late maturity test compared 22 hybrids and two checks submitted by 12 seed producers and the early test included 19 hybrids and two checks from 11 seed producers. Significant performance differences were found among entries for yield in the late test, but not the early test. In the late maturity test, Pioneer Brand 3153 (194.9 bu/a), Pioneer Brand 3245 (190.3 bu/a), and AgriGold XA2598 (189.4 bu/a) yielded significantly more than the mean for all entries of 166.6 bu/a. Pioneer Brand X1155J (179.6 bu/a) could not be statistically separated from the highest yielding entry. Kernel quality observations were made by Texas A & M and Purdue Universities. Observations included the milling quality traits of test weight, seed hardness, pericarp removal, density, kernel weight and size, short-flow dry milling, protein percentage, and color of cob and grain. A report was published and distributed to the participating state experiment stations, seedsmen, and corn millers.

Technical Abstract: Seed producers, yellow food corn processors, and farmers need agronomic performance and grain quality data to select yellow seeded corn hybrids adapted for growing in specific regions in the United States. The 1996 Late Yellow Food Corn Performance Test included 22 hybrids and two checks submitted by 12 commercial seed producers. Thirteen entries were new to the test in 1996. Data were received from locations in Kentucky, Missouri, Tennessee, and Texas. The 1996 Early Yellow Food Corn Performance Test included 19 hybrids and two checks submitted by 11 commercial seed producers. Twelve entries were new to the test in 1996. Data were received from locations in Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Missouri, Nebraska, and Wisconsin. Grain samples were evaluated for quality aspects by Texas A & M University and Purdue University. Grain samples from seven locations in the late test and four locations in the early test were evaluated. For alkaline cooking, generally, the grain should have 60 lb/bu or greater test weight, a 1000-kernel weight of 300 g or more, a true density of 1.3 g/cc or greater, a pericarp removal rating of 1 to 3, and a kernel color rating of 2 to 3. A clean, bright-yellow color is preferred. These data are most useful for corn breeders developing new hybrids because it provides information on general adaption over a wide range of conditions in a uniform set of nurseries. The data in this report is also useful for a food corn company to use to select a corn hybrid for processing. The food corn company should work with a corn supplier to secure corn with the best characteristics in their procurement area.