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ARS Home » Southeast Area » Tifton, Georgia » Crop Protection and Management Research » Research » Publications at this Location » Publication #85062
Title: PEANUT-COTTON-RYE ROTATIONS AND CHEMICAL SOIL TREATMENT FOR MANAGING NEMATODES AND THRIPS.

Author
item Johnson, Alva
item MINTON, N - ARS - RETIRED
item BRENNEMAN, T - UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA
item TODD, J - UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA
item HERZOG, G - UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA
item GASCHO, G - UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA
item BAKER, S - UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA
item BONDARI, K - UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA

Submitted to: Journal of Nematology
Publication Type: Peer Reviewed Journal
Publication Acceptance Date: 3/2/1998
Publication Date: N/A
Citation: N/A

Interpretive Summary: Nematodes are major pests on many agronomic crops. Sustainable systems are needed to manage nemaotdes in crop production. The objective of this experiment was to determine the value of cotton-peanut rotations, rye, and soil chemical treatments on management of nematodes, thrips, and soilborne diseases and crop yield. In a 7-year rotation scheme, peanut in rotation with cotton was used to suppress population densities of root-knot and sting nematodes on cotton. Yields of cotton and peanut in cotton-peanut rotations were 26% and 10% greater, respectively, than those from monoculture over the entire study. Cotton and peanut yields were increased 9% and 4%, respectively, following rye vs. fallow. Soil chemical treatments increased yields of cotton 23% and peanut 32% over those of untreated plots. Our data demonstrated the sustainable benefits of using cotton-peanut rotations, winter rye, and soil chemical treatments to manage eplant-parasitic nematodes and other pests and improve yield of both cotton and peanut. A cotton-peanut rotation is attractive at this time, because of the high value and extensive planting of both crops in the southeastern coastal plain.

Technical Abstract: In the southeastern United States, a cotton-peanut rotation is attractive at this time, because of the high value and extensive planting of both crops in the southeastern coastal plain region. The objective of this experiment was to determine the value of cotton-peanut rotations, rye, and soil chemical treatments on management of plant-parasitic nematodes, thrips, and soilborne fungal diseases and crop yield. Peanut-cotton-rye rotations were conducted from 1988 to 1994 on Tifton loamy sand (Plinthic Kandiudult) infested primarily with Meloidogyne incognita race 3, Belonolaimus longicaudatus. Sclerotium rolfsii, Rhizoctonia solani, and Fusarium oxysporum. Continuous peanut, continuous cotton, cotton-peanut, or peanut-cotton rotations were used as main plots, rye or fallow as sub- plots, and aldicarb (3.36 kg a.i./ha) or untreated plots of cotton and aldicarb (3.36 kg a.i./ha) plus flutolanil (1.12 kg a.i./ha) or untreated plots of peanut as sub-sub-plots. Population densities of M. incognita an B. longicaudatus declined rapidly after the first crop in the continuous peanut and remained low thereafter. Neither rye nor soil treatments affected M. incognita and B. longicaudatus population densities on peanut or cotton. Yields in the cotton-peanut rotations were 26% and 10% greater, respectively, than those from monoculture over the 7-year study. Cotton and peanut yields were improved 9% and 4%, respectively, following rye vs. fallow. Soil chemical treatments increased yields of cotton 23% and peanut 32% over those of untreated plots. Our data demonstrates the sustainable benefits of using cotton-peanut rotations, winter rye, and soil chemical treatments to manage plant-parasitic nematodes and other pests and improve yield of both cotton and peanut.